Elshamy Abdelsamed I, Abd-ElGawad Ahmed M, El Gendy Abd El-Nasser G, Assaeed Abdulaziz M
Department of Natural Compounds Chemistry, National Research Center, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt.
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima, 770-8514, Japan.
Chem Biodivers. 2019 May;16(5):e1900051. doi: 10.1002/cbdv.201900051. Epub 2019 Apr 24.
The genus Euphorbia attracted the attention of many researchers worldwide from natural products, bioactivity, and ecological perspective. The essential oils (EOs) of Euphorbia heterophylla are poorly studied. Therefore, the present study aimed to provide a detailed profile of the E. heterophylla EOs as well as to determine their antioxidant and allelopathic activities. The EOs from aerial parts of E. heterophylla were extracted using hydrodistillation and analyzed via GC/MS. The antioxidant activity was determined based on scavenging of the free radical, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and H O . Various concentrations of the EOs were tested against the noxious weed, Cenchrus echinatus. Thirty-five compounds were identified representing 100 % of the total mass. Four classes of components were characterized, among which terpenoids were the main components (88.70 %). Monoterpenes represented the main class (69.48 %), followed by sesquiterpenes (18.63 %), and only one diterpenoid, kaur-16-ene, was identified. 1,8-Cineole (32.03 %), camphor (16.54 %), β-elemene (5.92 %), endo-borneol (4.94 %), limonene (4.27 %), pentatriacontane (3.91 %), and α-pinene (3.89 %) were the major compounds. The EOs composition of Egyptian E. heterophylla ecospecies was comparable to that of other reported Euphorbia species, although it showed no correlation with Nigerian E. heterophylla ecospecies. The EOs from E. heterophylla aerial parts exhibited significant antioxidant activity. Moreover, a concentration of 100 μL L of the EOs reduced the germination, root, and shoot growth of C. echinatus by about 93.95 %, 84.6 %, and 57.8 %, respectively. Therefore, the EOs from E. heterophylla could be integrated into the control of this weed, as eco-friendly biocontrol method. Further study is needed to characterize their allelopathic activity under field conditions as well as to evaluate their durability and biosafety.
大戟属植物从天然产物、生物活性和生态角度吸引了全球众多研究人员的关注。对异叶大戟的精油研究较少。因此，本研究旨在详细描述异叶大戟精油的成分，并确定其抗氧化和化感活性。采用水蒸馏法从异叶大戟地上部分提取精油，并通过气相色谱/质谱联用仪进行分析。基于对自由基1,1-二苯基-2-苦基肼和过氧化氢的清除作用来测定抗氧化活性。测试了不同浓度的精油对有害杂草蒺藜草的影响。共鉴定出35种化合物，占总质量的100%。确定了四类成分，其中萜类化合物是主要成分（88.70%）。单萜类是主要类别（69.48%），其次是倍半萜类（18.63%），仅鉴定出一种二萜类化合物，贝壳杉-16-烯。1,8-桉叶素（32.03%）、樟脑（16.54%）、β-榄香烯（5.92%）、内冰片（4.94%）、柠檬烯（4.27%）、三十五烷（3.91%）和α-蒎烯（3.89%）是主要化合物。埃及异叶大戟生态型的精油成分与其他已报道的大戟属植物相当，尽管它与尼日利亚异叶大戟生态型没有相关性。异叶大戟地上部分的精油表现出显著的抗氧化活性。此外，100 μL/L浓度的精油分别使蒺藜草的发芽率、根生长和茎生长降低了约93.95%、84.6%和57.8%。因此，异叶大戟的精油可作为一种生态友好型生物防治方法，用于防治这种杂草。需要进一步研究来表征其在田间条件下的化感活性，以及评估其持久性和生物安全性。
