School of Psychology, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.
Research Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment, Montréal, QC, Canada.
Behav Genet. 2019 Jul;49(4):376-385. doi: 10.1007/s10519-019-09955-w. Epub 2019 Mar 15.
The objective of this study was to examine the genetic and environmental contributions to shyness throughout the school-age period. Participants were 553 twin pairs from the ongoing prospective longitudinal Quebec Newborn Twin Study. Teacher-rated measures of shyness were collected at five time-points from age 6-12 years. On average, shyness was moderately stable over time (r = 0.23-0.33) and this stability was almost entirely accounted for by genetic factors. Genetic factors at age 6 accounted for 44% of individual differences and these early genetic factors also explained individual differences at all subsequent ages (6-22%). Non-shared environmental factors explained most of individual differences at single time-points (51-63%), and did not account for stability in shyness. Contributions of shared environment were not significant. Our results suggest that the stability in shyness is mostly accounted for by early and persistent genetic contributions.
本研究旨在探讨整个学龄期害羞的遗传和环境因素。参与者为来自正在进行的前瞻性纵向魁北克新生儿双胞胎研究的 553 对双胞胎。从 6 岁到 12 岁，通过教师评定的害羞量表收集了五次评估数据。平均而言，害羞在时间上具有中度稳定性（r=0.23-0.33），这种稳定性几乎完全由遗传因素决定。6 岁时的遗传因素解释了个体差异的 44%，这些早期遗传因素也解释了所有后续年龄（6-22 岁）的个体差异。非共享环境因素在单一时间点解释了大部分个体差异（51-63%），而不解释害羞的稳定性。共享环境的贡献并不显著。我们的研究结果表明，害羞的稳定性主要由早期和持久的遗传因素决定。
