Eco-environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Low-carbon Agriculture (SERCLA), Shanghai, 201415, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Foundation, Shanghai, 200092, China.
Eco-environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Low-carbon Agriculture (SERCLA), Shanghai, 201415, China.
J Environ Manage. 2019 Jun 1;239:23-29. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.03.022. Epub 2019 Mar 13.
Biochar application is a promising management strategy for enhancing soil fertility and carbon sequestration. A 3-year pot trial was conducted to demonstrate the relationship between rice grain yield and biochar-amended soil properties together with carbon storage in the Yangtze River estuary, China. Straw biochar was incorporated once into soil in pots at five different rates: 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% (dry biochar weight/wet soil weight). Compared to yields from the control treatment with no biochar, rice grain yield was improved by 29.1-34.2% in the treatments with 10-15% biochar in the first year following biochar application. In the second year following biochar application, the rice yield was increased by 51.8-96.0% in the treatments with 15-20% biochar. However, compared to the control treatment, hardly any yield increase occurred in any of the biochar treatments in the third year following biochar application. Higher amounts of added biochar increased the soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN). SOC contents were invariable and increased nearly 60-250% annually in the biochar treatments compared with the control. Biochar increased soil TN 22.9-75.3%, 24.0-60.9% and 13.8-51.2%, respectively, in each of three consecutive years. Biochar increased the mean concentrations of EC, RAP, RAK and DOC by 8.8-44.8%, 10.0-61.1%, 65.6-310.1% and 9.1-20.0%, respectively, during the three rice-growing seasons. The addition of 10-15% straw biochar to soil and regular annual biochar supplements for agronomic purposes is a potentially sustainable management technology to enhance coastal mudflat soil properties and improve rice yields therefrom.
生物炭的应用是一种很有前途的管理策略，可用于提高土壤肥力和碳固存。在中国长江口进行了为期 3 年的盆栽试验，以证明水稻籽粒产量与生物炭改良土壤特性和碳储存之间的关系。将稻草生物炭以 5 种不同的比例（干生物炭重量/湿土重量）一次性添加到盆栽土壤中：0%、5%、10%、15%和 20%。与不添加生物炭的对照处理相比，在添加生物炭的第一年，添加 10-15%生物炭的处理中，水稻籽粒产量提高了 29.1-34.2%。在添加生物炭的第二年，添加 15-20%生物炭的处理中，水稻产量增加了 51.8-96.0%。然而，与对照处理相比，在添加生物炭的第三年，任何生物炭处理中，产量几乎都没有增加。添加更多的生物炭增加了土壤有机碳（SOC）和总氮（TN）。与对照相比，生物炭处理中 SOC 含量每年增加近 60-250%。生物炭分别增加了 22.9-75.3%、24.0-60.9%和 13.8-51.2%的土壤 TN，在连续 3 年中。生物炭分别增加了土壤电导率（EC）、有效磷（RAP）、速效钾（RAK）和溶解性有机碳（DOC）的平均浓度 8.8-44.8%、10.0-61.1%、65.6-310.1%和 9.1-20.0%，在 3 个水稻生长季节中。向土壤中添加 10-15%的稻草生物炭，并定期进行生物炭补充，以达到农业目的，是一种增强沿海滩涂土壤特性和提高水稻产量的潜在可持续管理技术。
