Pérez-Moreno M, Pérez-Lloret P, González-Soriano J, Santos-Álvarez I
Department of Pharmacology, Alfonso X el Sabio University. Avda de la Universidad s/n, 28691, Vva. de la Cañada. Madrid, Spain; Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Departmental Section in Veterinary School, Complutense University of Madrid. Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Departmental Section in Veterinary School, Complutense University of Madrid. Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
Forensic Sci Int. 2019 May;298:34-38. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2019.02.049. Epub 2019 Mar 5.
The aim of this study is to analyze the adulteration and contamination of cannabis resin obtained on the streets of Madrid, in order to establish whether it is suitable for human consumption. A total of 90 samples obtained through street vending in the Region of Madrid (CAM) were analyzed. Our results showed a direct relationship between the shape of the samples (acorn or ingot) and the presence of foreign elements, adulterants and microbiological contamination. Foreign elements were found in 64.7% of the ingot-shaped samples and in 30.2% of the acorn-shaped samples (p < 0.01); 25% of the samples were deliberately adulterated, 66.7% of which had an ingot shape. With regard to microbiological contamination, 93% of acorns were contaminated by E. coli, compared to 29.4% of ingots (p < 0.0001). In addition, all samples with fecal odor were acorns and were contaminated by E. coli. Ten per cent of the samples were contaminated by Aspergillus; of these, 66.7% had the shape of an acorn. Overall, our results showed that most (88.3%) of the hashish samples were not suitable for consumption. This percentage was significantly higher (p < 0.0001) in acorn than in ingot samples (100% vs. 58.8%). Hence, illegal street vending of hashish constitutes a public health issue.
本研究旨在分析在马德里街头获取的大麻脂的掺假和污染情况，以确定其是否适合人类食用。对马德里自治区通过街头售卖获得的90个样本进行了分析。我们的结果显示，样本形状（橡子形或锭形）与外来元素、掺假物及微生物污染的存在之间存在直接关联。在64.7%的锭形样本和30.2%的橡子形样本中发现了外来元素（p < 0.01）；25%的样本存在故意掺假情况，其中66.7%为锭形。关于微生物污染，93%的橡子样本被大肠杆菌污染，相比之下，锭形样本的这一比例为29.4%（p < 0.0001）。此外，所有有粪便气味的样本均为橡子形且被大肠杆菌污染。10%的样本被曲霉菌污染；其中，66.7%为橡子形。总体而言，我们的结果表明，大多数（88.3%）的哈希什样本不适合食用。这一比例在橡子形样本中显著高于锭形样本（100%对58.8%，p < 0.0001）。因此，非法街头售卖哈希什构成了一个公共卫生问题。
