The reaction of the periodontium to different types of splints. (II). Histological aspects.

To study the influence of splints on periodontal tissues, Obwegeser and Merkx splints were applied to beagles. Histological evaluation was performed after splinting periods of 48 h and 6 weeks. After 48 h, gingivitis had developed when using both types of splints. After 6 weeks, the adverse effects of the splints were more predominant. Gingivitis had become severe and mild periodonitis had developed. In the case of Merkx splints, the periodontal ligament appeared to be somewhat less affected but the condition of the gingiva appeared to be somewhat worse than in the case with Obwegeser splints. For both types of splints, it is important that clinical application should be attended by measures not only to reduce plaque accumulation, but also to minimize trauma due to their application and continuous mechanical irritation of the tissues.