Department of Psychology, Iowa State University.
Law Hum Behav. 2019 Apr;43(2):131-143. doi: 10.1037/lhb0000323.
Recent findings suggest that priming may be useful for facilitating disclosure in investigative interviews; however, the effects of priming on behavioral outcomes have been mixed. The current studies attempted to replicate the increase in information disclosure when the concept of "openness" is primed. We assessed the separate and combined influence of context reinstatement instructions and activation of the concept of openness (via lexical primes in Experiment 1, via contextual and embodiment primes in Experiment 2) on information disclosure. In doing so, we introduced a novel paradigm to investigate factors contributing to the elicitation of sensitive personal information that participants provided in written (Experiment 1) or verbal (Experiment 2) form. Participants (Experiment 1: N = 173; Experiment 2: N = 194) completed a checklist of illegal behaviors and misdeeds, then engaged in an unrelated task that was used to administer the priming manipulation (either the concept of "open" or "closed," or a neutral prime). Participants then described a life event related to the most serious illegal behavior to which they had admitted, following either a direct request for information or a context reinstatement instruction. Across both experiments, context reinstatement led to robust increases in information disclosure. Although we failed to replicate prior effects of priming on disclosure, our observed effect sizes fell within the confidence intervals of previous studies. A meta-analytic assessment of priming across the two studies suggested a small but significant increase in information elicitation, suggesting that investigators are best served using evidence-based interviewing tactics during investigative interviews. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
最近的研究结果表明，启动可能有助于促进调查访谈中的披露；然而，启动对行为结果的影响好坏参半。本研究试图复制“开放性”概念启动时信息披露增加的效果。我们评估了情境恢复指令和开放性概念激活（在实验 1 中通过词汇启动，在实验 2 中通过情境和体现启动）对信息披露的单独和综合影响。在这样做的过程中，我们引入了一种新的范式来研究参与者以书面（实验 1）或口头（实验 2）形式提供敏感个人信息的诱发因素。参与者（实验 1：N=173；实验 2：N=194）完成了一份非法行为和不当行为清单，然后参与了一个无关的任务，该任务用于进行启动操作（“开放”或“封闭”的概念，或中性启动）。然后，参与者根据直接信息请求或情境恢复指令，描述与他们承认的最严重非法行为相关的生活事件。在两项实验中，情境恢复都导致了信息披露的大幅增加。尽管我们未能复制先前启动对披露的影响，但我们观察到的效应大小落在先前研究的置信区间内。对两项研究中启动的元分析评估表明，信息引出有一个小但显著的增加，这表明调查人员在调查访谈中最好使用基于证据的访谈策略。（APA 心理学数据库记录（c）2019，保留所有权利）。
