School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UNITED KINGDOM.
Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester, UNITED KINGDOM.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2019 Sep;51(9):1935-1943. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000001985.
Microparticles (MP) are shed extracellular vesicles that express the prothrombotic tissue factor (TF). Aerobic exercise may reduce MP count and TF expression. This study investigated the impact of acute running or rest followed by standardized meal consumption on MP phenotypes and TF expression.
Fifteen males (age, 22.9 ± 3.3 yr; body mass, 81.9 ± 11.4 kg; V˙O2max, 54.9 ± 6.5 mL·kg·min; mean ± SD) completed 1 h of running (70% V˙O2max) or rest at 9:00 AM and consumed a standardized meal (1170 kcal, 43% CHO, 17% PRO, 40% fat) at 10:45 AM. Venous blood samples were taken at 9:00 AM, 10:00 AM, and 11:30 AM. The MP concentration, diameter, phenotypes, and TF expression were assessed using nanoparticle tracking analysis and flow cytometry.
Nanoparticle tracking analysis identified no changes in MP concentration or diameter in response to time or trial. Flow cytometry revealed total MP count increased from 9:00 AM to 10:00 AM (1.62 ± 2.28 to 1.74 ± 2.61 × 10 L, P = 0.016, effect size (η) = 0.105), but was unaffected by trial. TF platelet-derived MP % reduced from 9:00 AM to 10:00 AM (44.0% ± 21.2% to 21.5% ± 9.3%, P = 0.001, η = 0.582) after exercise only (control, 36.8% ± 18.2% to 34.9% ± 11.9%; P = 0.972). TF neutrophil-derived MP percentage reduced from 9:00 AM to 11:30 AM (42.3% ± 17.2% to 25.1% ± 14.9%; P = 0.048, η = 0.801) in the exercise trial only (control, 28.5% ± 15.7% to 32.2% ± 9.6%; P = 0.508).
Running induced a significant reduction in %TF platelet and neutrophil MP, suggesting a transient reduction in cardiovascular risk via reduced TF-stimulated thrombosis. This requires further investigation over longer periods in cardiovascular disease populations.
微粒（MP）是细胞外释放的表达促血栓组织因子（TF）的小囊泡。有氧运动可能会减少 MP 计数和 TF 表达。本研究旨在探讨急性跑步或休息后紧接着标准餐摄入对 MP 表型和 TF 表达的影响。
15 名男性（年龄 22.9 ± 3.3 岁；体重 81.9 ± 11.4kg；最大摄氧量 54.9 ± 6.5ml·kg·min；均值 ± 标准差）于上午 9 点完成 1 小时的跑步（70%最大摄氧量）或休息，并于上午 10：45 点摄入标准餐（1170 千卡，43%CHO，17%PRO，40%脂肪）。上午 9 点、10 点和 11：30 点采集静脉血样。使用纳米颗粒跟踪分析和流式细胞术评估 MP 浓度、直径、表型和 TF 表达。
纳米颗粒跟踪分析未发现 MP 浓度或直径随时间或试验而变化。流式细胞术显示，总 MP 计数从上午 9 点增加到 10 点（1.62 ± 2.28 至 1.74 ± 2.61×10^8/L，P = 0.016，效应量（η）= 0.105），但不受试验影响。仅在运动后，TF 血小板衍生 MP%从上午 9 点减少到 10 点（44.0% ± 21.2% 至 21.5% ± 9.3%，P = 0.001，η = 0.582）（对照组，36.8% ± 18.2% 至 34.9% ± 11.9%；P = 0.972）。仅在运动试验中，TF 中性粒细胞衍生 MP 百分比从上午 9 点减少到 11：30 点（42.3% ± 17.2% 至 25.1% ± 14.9%，P = 0.048，η = 0.801）（对照组，28.5% ± 15.7% 至 32.2% ± 9.6%；P = 0.508）。
跑步导致 TF 血小板和中性粒细胞 MP%显著降低，提示通过减少 TF 诱导的血栓形成，心血管风险暂时降低。这需要在心血管疾病人群中进行更长时间的进一步研究。
