Department of Human Sciences, Innovation and Territory, University of Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, Italy.
Department of Science and High Technology, University of Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, Italy.
Sci Total Environ. 2019 Jun 15;669:637-648. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.122. Epub 2019 Mar 9.
Within Djibouti (Gulf of Aden), the scalloped hammerhead shark (Sphyrna lewini) and milk shark (Rhizoprionodon acutus) are important components of the artisanal fishery and they are caught to be exported or sold for local consumption. However, little scientific information exists on the contamination load of these species in this area of the world. With global populations of elasmobranchs in decline, understanding the extent of contaminant exposure is critical to future conservation as well as to assess the health risks for consumers of these species. The contaminants analyzed in this study comprised PCB, DDT and trace elements in livers, muscles and fins of both hammerhead sharks and milk sharks. The overall organochlorine compounds (OCs) and trace elements concentrations were similar among the two sharks' species and the pattern of PCB and DDT tissue distribution showed the highest burdens in livers compared with muscles and fins. However, the different accumulation profiles of OCs among shark species suggest species-specific accumulation of these contaminants. The p,p'DDE/∑DDT ratios were equal or slightly higher than the critic value of 0.6, suggesting possible recent inputs of technical DDT in the area. Concentration of trace elements from this study were generally comparable to those found in sharks from other areas of the world and, highlight the wide variation in metal concentrations between species, individuals and tissues. As far as Hg is concerned, scalloped hammerhead sharks showed higher accumulation in muscles compared with milk sharks. Both species showed elevated concentration of Se, which might be related to high Hg levels since Se inhibits Hg toxicity. The potential cancer risk for PCB, Cd, Ni, Cr and As fell within the range of 10-10, suggesting some concerns for the overall contamination levels in both species. Indeed, consuming of fish involves a mixture of all analyzed elements, and therefore, some potential risk might arise from regularly consuming these species.
在吉布提（亚丁湾），皱唇鲨（Sphyrna lewini）和灰真鲨（Rhizoprionodon acutus）是手工艺品渔业的重要组成部分，它们被捕获后出口或在当地销售。然而，关于世界这一地区这些物种的污染负荷，科学信息很少。由于全球鲨鱼种群数量下降，了解污染物暴露的程度对于未来的保护以及评估这些物种消费者的健康风险至关重要。本研究分析的污染物包括肝、肌肉和鳍中的 PCB、DDT 和痕量元素。两种鲨鱼的总有机氯化合物 (OC) 和痕量元素浓度相似，PCB 和 DDT 的组织分布模式表明肝脏中的含量最高，其次是肌肉和鳍。然而，不同鲨鱼物种中 OCs 的不同积累模式表明这些污染物具有物种特异性的积累。p,p'DDE/∑DDT 比值等于或略高于 0.6 的临界值，表明该地区可能有技术 DDT 的近期输入。本研究中痕量元素的浓度通常与世界其他地区鲨鱼中的浓度相当，强调了不同物种、个体和组织之间金属浓度的广泛差异。就汞而言，皱唇鲨的肌肉中积累量高于灰真鲨。两种物种的硒浓度都升高，这可能与高汞水平有关，因为硒能抑制汞的毒性。PCB、Cd、Ni、Cr 和 As 的潜在癌症风险处于 10-10 范围内，这表明两种物种的整体污染水平存在一些担忧。事实上，食用鱼类涉及所有分析元素的混合，因此，经常食用这些物种可能会产生一些潜在风险。
