Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Electroquímica, S.C. Parque Tecnológico Querétaro, Sanfandila, Pedro Escobedo, 76703 Querétaro, Mexico.
Centro de Geociencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Blvd. Juriquilla, No. 3001, Querétaro, Mexico.
J Hazard Mater. 2019 Jun 5;371:625-633. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.03.015. Epub 2019 Mar 5.
There are various treatments available for soil decontamination, including physical, chemical, thermal and biological treatments. However, when pollutants are persistent or toxic, it is often necessary to use an integrated set of techniques, to enhance decontamination effects. Integrated treatments typically include soil washing, heat treatment, stabilization processes or phytoremediation. The biological recovery of soils contaminated with hydrocarbons or heavy metals is a topic of central interest, since many treatment processes are often extremely aggressive and destroy the flora and microflora of the treated environments and can interfere with the natural properties of the soil. The objective of this work was to analyze the biological recovery of soils treated with an electrokinetic remediation (ER) method at laboratory, pilot and field-scale tests which measure the germination of seeds and growth of maize (Zea mays L.) using a 2D circular arrangement of electrodes (IrO-TaO |Ti| |Ti). The hydrocarbon removal rates obtained were greater than 80% for both the hydrocarbon's medium and heavy fractions; after this ER method was employed a phytoremediation treatment was also completed, using maize, which increased the removal rates up to 90%. A coupled electro- and phyto-remediation process was develop at the field-scale within an oil refinery property in Guanajuato, Mexico to demonstrate the successful biological recovery of soils contaminated with hydrocarbons as proved by the germination of seeds and growth of maize in the on-site fields.
有各种土壤去污处理方法，包括物理、化学、热处理和生物处理。然而，当污染物具有持久性或毒性时，通常需要采用一套综合技术来提高去污效果。综合处理通常包括土壤淋洗、热处理、稳定化处理或植物修复。受碳氢化合物或重金属污染的土壤的生物修复是一个关注的焦点，因为许多处理过程往往非常激进，会破坏处理环境中的植物群和微生物群，并可能干扰土壤的自然特性。这项工作的目的是分析在实验室、中试和田间规模试验中用电动修复（ER）方法处理的土壤的生物恢复情况，使用二维圆形电极排列（IrO-TaO |Ti| |Ti）测量种子发芽和玉米（Zea mays L.）的生长情况。该方法对中质和重质烃的去除率均大于 80%；在采用这种 ER 方法后，还完成了利用玉米进行的植物修复处理，将去除率提高到 90%以上。在墨西哥瓜纳华托的一家炼油厂，采用一种电-植物联合修复工艺在田间进行了试验，证明了受碳氢化合物污染的土壤的生物恢复是成功的，现场种植的玉米种子发芽并生长证明了这一点。
