Hun Laya, Troyo Adriana
Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica,
Res Rep Trop Med. 2012 Jun 21;3:47-55. doi: 10.2147/RRTM.S24753. eCollection 2012.
was described as a human pathogen almost two decades ago, and human infection is currently reported in 18 countries in all continents. The distribution of this species is worldwide, determined by the presence of the main arthropod vector, (Bouché). The list of symptoms, which includes fever, headache, myalgia, and rash, keeps increasing as new cases with unexpected symptoms are described. Moreover, the clinical presentation of infection can be easily confused with many tropical and nontropical diseases, as well as other rickettsial infections. Although specific laboratory diagnosis and treatment for this flea-borne rickettsiosis are detailed in the scientific literature, it is possible that most human cases are not being diagnosed properly. Furthermore, since the cat flea infests different common domestic animals, contact with humans may be more frequent than reported. In this review, we provide an update on methods for specific detection of human infection by described in the literature, as well as the treatment prescribed to the patients. Considering advances in molecular detection tools, as well as options for as-yet-unreported isolation of from patients in cell culture, increased diagnosis and characterization of this emerging pathogen is warranted.
大约二十年前，它被描述为一种人类病原体，目前各大洲有18个国家报告了人类感染病例。该物种的分布遍及全球，由主要节肢动物媒介（布歇）的存在决定。随着新的出现意外症状的病例被描述，包括发热、头痛、肌痛和皮疹在内的症状清单不断增加。此外，该病原体感染的临床表现很容易与许多热带和非热带疾病以及其他立克次体感染相混淆。尽管科学文献中详细介绍了这种由跳蚤传播的立克次体病的具体实验室诊断和治疗方法，但很可能大多数人类病例没有得到正确诊断。此外，由于猫蚤感染不同的常见家畜，与人类的接触可能比报告的更为频繁。在本综述中，我们提供了文献中描述的检测人类感染该病原体的具体方法的最新情况，以及给患者开的治疗方法。考虑到分子检测工具的进展，以及尚未报道的从患者细胞培养物中分离该病原体的选择，有必要加强对这种新兴病原体的诊断和特征描述。
