Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
Matthew Gfeller Sport-Related TBI Research Center, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Res Sports Med. 2020 Jan-Mar;28(1):42-54. doi: 10.1080/15438627.2019.1590834. Epub 2019 Mar 20.
Determinants of concussion diagnosis, symptomology, and other sequelae have not been examined in high school soccer players. Using a sample of soccer-related head/neck injuries from the NATION Surveillance Program, we evaluated potential determinants (sex, injury history, injury mechanism, setting) of concussion characteristics. A total of 378 head/neck injuries were recorded, and 189 (50.0%) injuries from this sample, resulted in a concussion diagnosis. Odds of concussion diagnosis were 84% higher among female players compared with their male counterparts, and over two-fold higher in game settings compared with practice settings. We also observed several significant symptom dependencies, such as higher odds of difficulty concentrating (OR = 5.84, 95% CI = [2.99, 11.42]) given concurrent light sensitivity. Furthermore, we identified injury mechanism as a determinant of concussion symptom resolution time. Our results suggest that determinants of soccer-related concussions and their sequelae are multifactorial, and extend the existing literature with the potential to inform clinical practice.
尚未研究高中足球运动员脑震荡的诊断、症状和其他后果的决定因素。我们使用 NATION 监测计划中与足球相关的头部/颈部损伤样本，评估了脑震荡特征的潜在决定因素（性别、受伤史、受伤机制、环境）。共记录了 378 例头部/颈部损伤，其中 189 例（50.0%）的样本导致脑震荡诊断。与男性相比，女性发生脑震荡的可能性高 84%，而在比赛环境中比在练习环境中高两倍以上。我们还观察到一些明显的症状依赖性，例如在同时存在光敏感的情况下，注意力集中困难的可能性高 5.84 倍（OR=5.84，95%CI=[2.99,11.42]）。此外，我们确定了损伤机制是脑震荡症状缓解时间的决定因素。我们的研究结果表明，足球相关脑震荡及其后遗症的决定因素是多因素的，并扩展了现有文献，为临床实践提供了信息。
