Bastos Bethânia Ferreira, Almeida Flavya Mendes de, Brener Beatriz
Departamento de Clínica e Patologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense - UFF, Niterói, RJ, Brasil.
Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense - UFF, Niterói, RJ, Brasil.
Rev Bras Parasitol Vet. 2019 Jan-Mar;28(1):1-11. doi: 10.1590/S1984-29612019005. Epub 2019 Mar 11.
Tritrichomonas foetus is a parasite that has been definitively identified as an agent of trichomonosis, a disease characterized by chronic diarrhea. T. foetus colonizes portions of the feline large intestine, and manifests as chronic and recurrent diarrhea with mucus and fresh blood, which is often unresponsive to common drugs. Diagnosis of a trichomonad infection is made by either the demonstration of the trophozoite on a direct fecal smear, fecal culture and subsequent microscopic examination of the parasite, or extraction of DNA in feces and amplification by the use of molecular tools. T. foetus is commonly misidentified as other flagellate protozoa such as Giardia duodenalis and Pentatrichomonas hominis. Without proper treatment, the diarrhea may resolve spontaneously in months to years, but cats can remain carriers of the parasite. This paper intends to serve as a source of information for investigators and veterinarians, reviewing the most important aspects of feline trichomonosis, such as trichomonad history, biology, clinical manifestations, pathogenesis, world distribution, risk factors, diagnosis, and treatment.
胎儿三毛滴虫是一种已被明确鉴定为滴虫病病原体的寄生虫，滴虫病是一种以慢性腹泻为特征的疾病。胎儿三毛滴虫定殖于猫的大肠部分，表现为伴有黏液和鲜血的慢性复发性腹泻，通常对常用药物无反应。滴虫感染的诊断可通过在直接粪便涂片上发现滋养体、进行粪便培养并随后对寄生虫进行显微镜检查，或提取粪便中的DNA并使用分子工具进行扩增来实现。胎儿三毛滴虫常被误鉴定为其他鞭毛虫原生动物，如十二指肠贾第虫和人五毛滴虫。如果不进行适当治疗，腹泻可能在数月至数年内自行缓解，但猫可能会一直携带这种寄生虫。本文旨在为研究人员和兽医提供信息来源，回顾猫滴虫病的最重要方面，如滴虫的历史、生物学、临床表现、发病机制、世界分布、危险因素、诊断和治疗。
