Dalcastagnê Susana Valéria, Giugliani Elsa Regina Justo, Nunes Luciana Neves, Hauser Lisiane, Giugliani Camila
MD, MSc. Physician, Community Health Service, Hospital Nossa Senhora da Conceição, Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil.
MD, PhD. Physician, Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil.
Sao Paulo Med J. 2018 Nov-Dec;136(6):533-542. doi: 10.1590/1516-3180.2018.0262161118.
Exclusive breastfeeding for six months is one of the measures with highest impact on prevention of child deaths. The determinants of breastfeeding practices are complex and differ between populations. This study aimed to identify factors associated with the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding in a suburban area in Angola.
Population-based cross-sectional study in the municipality of Cacuaco, Luanda.
A random sample of children under two years of age and their mothers was included. -Prevalence ratios (PR) were estimated using Poisson regression based on a hierarchical model.
749 children and their mothers were surveyed, including 274 children under six months. Theprevalence of exclusive breastfeeding among children under six months was 51.5% (95% confidence interval, CI, 46.3-56.6%). Four variables were positively associated with exclusive breastfeeding at ages of under six months: number of prenatal visits (PR 1.11 for each visit after the first one; 95% CI 1.04-1.18), maternal occupation (other occupations versus self-employed) (PR 1.54; 95% CI 1.05-2.26), younger child age (PR 0.77 for each month; 95% CI 0.71-0.84) and female child (PR 1.34; 95% CI 1.02-1.76).
Our findings showed that the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding at six months was satisfactory, according to international recommendations. Factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding practices that had never been surveyed before in Angola were identified through this study. These data are particularly relevant in the context of high infant mortality and may be useful in planning actions aimed at improving child health through promotion of exclusive breastfeeding, in Angola and other countries.
六个月纯母乳喂养是对预防儿童死亡影响最大的措施之一。母乳喂养行为的决定因素很复杂，且因人群而异。本研究旨在确定安哥拉一个郊区纯母乳喂养流行率的相关因素。
在罗安达市卡库阿科市进行的基于人群的横断面研究。
纳入了随机抽取的两岁以下儿童及其母亲样本。基于分层模型，使用泊松回归估计患病率比（PR）。
对749名儿童及其母亲进行了调查，其中包括274名六个月以下儿童。六个月以下儿童的纯母乳喂养率为51.5%（95%置信区间，CI，46.3 - 56.6%）。有四个变量与六个月以下儿童的纯母乳喂养呈正相关：产前检查次数（第一次检查后每次检查的PR为1.11；95%CI为1.04 - 1.18）、母亲职业（其他职业与个体经营者相比）（PR为1.54；95%CI为1.05 - 2.26）、儿童年龄越小（每月的PR为0.77；95%CI为0.71 - 0.84）以及女童（PR为1.34；95%CI为1.02 - 1.76）。
我们的研究结果表明，根据国际建议，六个月时的纯母乳喂养率是令人满意的。通过本研究确定了在安哥拉以前从未调查过的与纯母乳喂养行为相关的因素。这些数据在婴儿死亡率高的背景下尤为相关，可能有助于在安哥拉和其他国家规划旨在通过促进纯母乳喂养改善儿童健康的行动。
