Özdöl Çağatay, Gediz Tolga, Aghayev Kamran
Department of Neurosurgery, Antalya Training and Research Hospital, Antalya-Turkey.
Department of Neurosurgery, Biruni University Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul-Turkey.
Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg. 2019 Mar;25(2):167-171. doi: 10.14744/tjtes.2019.46116.
Injuries caused by motorcycle accidents have been reported in several studies with an examination from a general trauma point of view. However, to our knowledge, there is no detailed study specific to central nervous system injuries. This research was focused on central nervous system injuries associated with motorcycle accidents.
The medical records of 540 patients who were admitted to the emergency department between 2008 and 2016 as the result of a motorcycle accident were retrospectively evaluated. Data were collected from electronic medical records, follow-up forms, and radiological images. Information on patient age, gender, type and site of injury, helmet use, alcohol level, Glasgow Coma Scale score on admission, length of stay in the intensive care unit and hospital, neurological status on discharge, and follow-up was collected and analyzed.
A total of 486 of 540 patients (90%) were male, 54 (10%) were female, and the mean age was 31+-18 years (range: 2-85 years, median: 25 years). Cranial injuries were detected in 320 cases (59%). The distribution of cranial injuries was: epidural hemorrhage (12.6%), subdural hemorrhage (15.2%), depressed fracture (10.4%), linear fracture (23%), skull base fracture (5.5%), diffuse axonal injury (9.3%), subarachnoid hemorrhage (25.2%), intracerebral hemorrhage (13.5%), and contusion (26.3%). Spinal fractures were detected in 52 cases (9.6%). Twenty-two (4.07%) of the spinal fractures were observed in the cervical region, 10 (1.85%) in the thoracic region, and 20 (3.7%) in the lumbar region. The mean length of stay in the hospital was 8.2+-4 days and 7 days in the intensive care unit. Sixty-eight patients (12.6%) died. Traumatic cranial entities other than linear fracture were associated with an elevated level of mortality. A Glasgow Coma Scale score of 6 or less was associated with significant mortality (68%).
A detailed report of motorcycle accident-associated central nervous system injuries is provided. The use of protective equipment, such as helmets, significantly reduced the rate of cerebral injury and death.
多项研究从一般创伤角度对摩托车事故造成的损伤进行了检查。然而，据我们所知，尚无针对中枢神经系统损伤的详细研究。本研究聚焦于与摩托车事故相关的中枢神经系统损伤。
回顾性评估了2008年至2016年间因摩托车事故入住急诊科的540例患者的病历。数据收集自电子病历、随访表格及放射影像。收集并分析了患者的年龄、性别、损伤类型和部位、头盔使用情况、酒精含量、入院时的格拉斯哥昏迷量表评分、在重症监护病房和医院的住院时长、出院时的神经状态以及随访情况。
540例患者中，共486例（90%）为男性，54例（10%）为女性，平均年龄为31±18岁（范围：2至85岁，中位数：25岁）。320例（59%）检测出颅脑损伤。颅脑损伤的分布情况为：硬膜外出血（12.6%）、硬膜下出血（15.2%）、凹陷性骨折（10.4%）、线性骨折（23%）、颅底骨折（5.5%）、弥漫性轴索损伤（9.3%）、蛛网膜下腔出血（25.2%）、脑出血（13.5%）和挫伤（26.3%）。52例（9.6%）检测出脊柱骨折。其中，22例（4.07%）发生在颈椎区域，10例（1.85%）在胸椎区域，20例（3.7%）在腰椎区域。平均住院时长为8.2±4天，在重症监护病房的住院时长为7天。68例患者（12.6%）死亡。除线性骨折外的创伤性颅脑病变与死亡率升高相关。格拉斯哥昏迷量表评分为6分及以下与显著死亡率相关（68%）。
提供了一份与摩托车事故相关的中枢神经系统损伤的详细报告。使用头盔等防护装备可显著降低脑损伤和死亡率。
