Dukalski Bibiana, Suslow Thomas, Egloff Boris, Kersting Anette, Donges Uta-Susan
a Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy , University of Leipzig , Leipzig , Germany.
b Department of Psychology , Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz , Mainz , Germany.
Nord J Psychiatry. 2019 Apr;73(3):159-168. doi: 10.1080/08039488.2019.1582694. Epub 2019 Mar 21.
In the past, research on personality in borderline personality disorder (BPD) used primarily questionnaires suggesting heightened neuroticism in BPD. Self-report instruments inform about the conscious or explicit self-concept. BPD patients are known to show negative distortion with exaggeration of negative affect in the self-report. Neuroticism represents a risk factor for mental disorders. Indirect measures are available that tap into the implicit self-concept of neuroticism. The implicit self-concept refers to individual differences in associative representations of the self. The present study examined for the first time the implicit in addition to the explicit self-concept of neuroticism in BPD.
Female BPD patients (N = 35) and healthy women (N = 39) completed an implicit association test and the NEO-FFI personality inventory.
BPD patients showed higher implicit and explicit neuroticism compared to controls. The group difference for explicit neuroticism was four times larger than that for implicit neuroticism. Presence of comorbid depressive disorder was positively correlated with implicit neuroticism. The IAT neuroticism showed excellent split-half reliability for BPD patients.
The present data suggest that BPD patients with comorbid clinical depression but not those without clinical depression differ from healthy individuals in their implicit self-concept of neuroticism. In the associative network, BPD patients with comorbid clinical depression exhibit stronger associations of the self with neuroticism-related characteristics, such as nervousness, fearfulness, and uncertainty than healthy individuals. Regardless of depression, BPD patients show increased explicit neuroticism. Our findings provide evidence that the IAT neuroticism can be applied reliably to BPD patients.
过去，关于边缘型人格障碍（BPD）的人格研究主要使用问卷调查，结果显示BPD患者的神经质水平较高。自我报告工具反映的是有意识或明确的自我概念。已知BPD患者在自我报告中会表现出负面扭曲，夸大负面情绪。神经质是精神障碍的一个风险因素。有一些间接测量方法可以探究神经质的隐性自我概念。隐性自我概念指的是自我联想表征中的个体差异。本研究首次考察了BPD患者中神经质的隐性自我概念以及显性自我概念。
女性BPD患者（N = 35）和健康女性（N = 39）完成了一项内隐联想测验和NEO-FFI人格量表。
与对照组相比，BPD患者表现出更高的隐性和显性神经质。显性神经质的组间差异比隐性神经质大四倍。共病抑郁症与隐性神经质呈正相关。内隐联想测验的神经质得分在BPD患者中显示出良好的分半信度。
目前的数据表明，患有共病临床抑郁症的BPD患者在神经质的隐性自我概念上与健康个体不同，而无临床抑郁症的BPD患者则不然。在联想网络中，患有共病临床抑郁症的BPD患者比健康个体表现出更强的自我与神经质相关特征（如紧张、恐惧和不确定）的关联。无论是否患有抑郁症，BPD患者的显性神经质都有所增加。我们的研究结果提供了证据，表明内隐联想测验的神经质得分可以可靠地应用于BPD患者。
