Survivin overexpression in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas as a new therapeutic target (Review).

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide. It has poor clinical outcome due to intrinsic or acquired drug resistance. Deregulation of both apoptosis and autophagy contributes to chemotherapy resistance and disease progression. A new member of the inhibitors of apoptosis protein (IAP) family, namely survivin, is selectively overexpressed in tumors, including HNSCC, but not in normal tissues. Thus, it is considered a tumor biomarker. Here, we reviewed survivin expression and function in tumor progression focusing on its nodal role in the regulation of cell apoptosis and autophagy. Based on literature data, survivin targeting may be envisaged as a novel therapeutic strategy.