Université Paris Diderot USPC / UMR Géographie-cités 8504 CNRS, Paris, France.
Université Paris Diderot USPC / UMS RIATE CNRS, Paris, France.
PLoS One. 2019 Mar 21;14(3):e0213169. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213169. eCollection 2019.
Price inflation has outbalanced the income of residents and buyers in major post-industrial city-regions, and real estate has become an important driver of these inequalities. In a context of a resilient inflation of home values during the last two decades in the greater Paris Region, it is critical to examine housing price dynamics to get a better understanding of socioeconomic segregation. This paper aims at presenting spatial analysis of the dynamics of segregation pertaining to inflation, analyzing price and sellers and buyers data. Using interpolation techniques and multivariate analysis, the paper presents a spatial analysis of property-level data from the Paris Chamber of Notaries (1996-2012) in a GIS (159,000 transactions in suburban areas, single family homes only). Multivariate analysis capture price change and local trajectories of occupational status, i.e. changes in balance between inward and outward flows of sellers and buyers. We adopt a method that fits the fragmented spatial patterns of suburbanization. To do so, we remove the spatial bias by means of a regular 1-km spatial grid, interpolating the variables within it, using a time-distance matrix. The main results are threefold. We document the spatial patterns of professionalization (a rise of executives, intermediate occupation and employees) to describe the main trends of inward mobility in property ownership in suburbs, offsetting the outward mobility of retired persons. Second, neighborhood trajectories are related the diverging patterns of appreciation, between local contexts of accumulation with a growth of residential prices, and suburbs with declining trends. The maturity of suburbanization yields a diversified structure of segregation between the social groups, that do not simply oppose executives vs. blue collar suburbs. A follow-up research agenda is finally outlined.
价格通胀已经超过了主要后工业化城市地区居民和购房者的收入，房地产已成为这些不平等现象的重要驱动因素。在过去二十年大巴黎地区房价持续上涨的背景下，研究房价动态对于更好地理解社会经济隔离至关重要。本文旨在展示与通胀相关的隔离动态的空间分析，分析房价和卖家与买家数据。本文使用插值技术和多元分析，在 GIS 中对巴黎公证人商会（1996-2012 年）的房产水平数据进行了空间分析（郊区有 159,000 笔交易，仅限独栋住宅）。多元分析捕捉了房价变化和职业地位的局部轨迹，即卖家和买家的流入和流出之间的平衡变化。我们采用了一种适合郊区化碎片化空间模式的方法。为此，我们通过一个规则的 1 公里空间网格来消除空间偏差，在其中内插变量，使用时间-距离矩阵。主要结果有三个。我们记录了职业化的空间模式（高管、中级职业和员工的增加），以描述郊区房地产所有权内向流动的主要趋势，抵消了退休人员的外向流动。其次，邻里轨迹与升值的不同模式有关，包括积累的地方背景下住宅价格的增长，以及衰落趋势的郊区。郊区化的成熟带来了社会群体之间多样化的隔离结构，这些群体并不简单地将高管与蓝领郊区相对立。最后，最后概述了后续的研究议程。
