Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Department of Biological Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida.
Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2020 Apr;303(4):656-672. doi: 10.1002/ar.24118. Epub 2019 Apr 8.
Here we describe an extremely large and relatively complete (roughly 65%) skeleton of Tyrannosaurus rex (RSM P2523.8). Multiple measurements (including those of the skull, hip, and limbs) show that RSM P2523.8 was a robust individual with an estimated body mass exceeding all other known T. rex specimens and representatives of all other gigantic terrestrial theropods. Histological sampling of the fibula confirms that RSM P2523.8 is skeletally mature. The prevalence of incompletely coossified elements contradicts previous assertions that such unfused elements can be taken as indicators of somatic immaturity. As an extreme example of both ontogenetic maturity and osteological robustness, RSM P2523.8 offers support for prior hypotheses that a sampling bias occurs throughout the Dinosauria, making it likely that most taxa grew to significantly greater size than current known specimens indicate. Anat Rec, 303:656-672, 2020. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
在这里，我们描述了雷克斯霸王龙（RSM P2523.8）一个体型巨大且相对完整（约 65%）的骨架。多项测量数据（包括头骨、臀部和四肢的测量数据）表明，RSM P2523.8 是一个健壮的个体，其估计体重超过了其他所有已知的霸王龙标本和所有其他巨大的陆地兽脚亚目恐龙的代表。对腓骨的组织学取样证实，RSM P2523.8 骨骼成熟。未完全愈合的元素的普遍存在与之前的断言相矛盾，即这些未融合的元素可以作为身体未成熟的指标。作为在个体发育成熟和骨骼强壮方面的极端例子，RSM P2523.8 为之前的假设提供了支持，即在整个恐龙时代存在采样偏差，这使得大多数类群的体型很可能比当前已知的标本所显示的要大得多。解剖记录，303:656-672, 2020. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
