Lau Denise, Bobe Alexandria M, Khan Aly A
Tempus Labs, Chicago, IL 60654, USA.
Tempus Labs, Chicago, IL 60654, USA; Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
Trends Cancer. 2019 Mar;5(3):149-156. doi: 10.1016/j.trecan.2019.02.006. Epub 2019 Mar 8.
RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) provides an efficient high-throughput technique to robustly characterize the tumor immune microenvironment (TME). The increasing use of RNA-seq in clinical and basic science settings provides a powerful opportunity to access novel therapeutic biomarkers in the TME. Advanced computational methods are making it possible to resolve the composition of the tumor immune infiltrate, infer the immunological phenotypes of those cells, and assess the immune receptor repertoire in RNA-seq data. These immunological characterizations have increasingly important implications for guiding immunotherapy use. Here, we highlight recent studies that demonstrate the potential utility of RNA-seq in clinical settings, review key computational methods used for characterizing the TME for precision cancer immunotherapy, and discuss important considerations in data interpretation and current technological limitations.
RNA测序（RNA-seq）提供了一种高效的高通量技术，用于稳健地表征肿瘤免疫微环境（TME）。RNA-seq在临床和基础科学领域的使用日益增加，为获取TME中的新型治疗生物标志物提供了强大的机会。先进的计算方法使得解析肿瘤免疫浸润的组成、推断这些细胞的免疫表型以及评估RNA-seq数据中的免疫受体库成为可能。这些免疫表征对于指导免疫治疗的应用具有越来越重要的意义。在这里，我们重点介绍了近期研究，这些研究证明了RNA-seq在临床环境中的潜在效用，回顾了用于表征TME以实现精准癌症免疫治疗的关键计算方法，并讨论了数据解释中的重要注意事项和当前的技术局限性。
