Guellaï Bahia, Callin Annabel, Bevilacqua Frédéric, Schwarz Diemo, Pitti Alexandre, Boucenna Sofiane, Gratier Maya
Laboratoire Ethologie, Cognition, Développement, Université Paris Nanterre, Nanterre, France.
STMS Ircam-CNRS-Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.
Front Psychol. 2019 Mar 7;10:523. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00523. eCollection 2019.
Adults readily make associations between stimuli perceived consecutively through different sense modalities, such as shapes and sounds. Researchers have only recently begun to investigate such correspondences in infants but only a handful of studies have focused on infants less than a year old. Are infants able to make cross-sensory correspondences from birth? Do certain correspondences require extensive real-world experience? Some studies have shown that newborns are able to match stimuli perceived in different sense modalities. Yet, the origins and mechanisms underlying these abilities are unclear. The present paper explores these questions and reviews some hypotheses on the emergence and early development of cross-sensory associations and their possible links with language development. Indeed, if infants can perceive cross-sensory correspondences between events that share certain features but are not strictly contingent or co-located, one may posit that they are using a "sixth sense" in Aristotle's sense of the term. And a likely candidate for explaining this mechanism, as Aristotle suggested, is movement.
成年人很容易在通过不同感官模式连续感知的刺激之间建立联系，比如形状和声音。研究人员直到最近才开始研究婴儿的这种对应关系，但只有少数研究关注一岁以下的婴儿。婴儿从出生起就能建立跨感官对应关系吗？某些对应关系需要丰富的现实世界经验吗？一些研究表明，新生儿能够匹配通过不同感官模式感知到的刺激。然而，这些能力背后的起源和机制尚不清楚。本文探讨了这些问题，并回顾了一些关于跨感官联想的出现和早期发展及其与语言发展可能联系的假说。事实上，如果婴儿能够感知到在某些特征上相同但并非严格相关或同处一处的事件之间的跨感官对应关系，那么人们可能会假定他们正在使用亚里士多德意义上的“第六感”。正如亚里士多德所暗示的，解释这种机制的一个可能候选因素是运动。
