Gouttebarge Vincent, Cowie Charlotte, Goedhart Edwin, Kemp Simon P T, Kerkhoffs Gino M M J, Patricios Jon, Stokes Keith A
World Players' Union (FIFPro), Hoofddorp, Netherlands.
Amsterdam UMC, Univ of Amsterdam, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med. 2019 Mar 7;5(1):e000490. doi: 10.1136/bmjsem-2018-000490. eCollection 2019.
To describe: (1) how we developed a concussion module and (2) whether the concussion module is feasible (in terms of relevance, added value and suitability) and enhances knowledge and changes attitude of professional footballers about concussion.
We developed the concussion module based on two structured and systematic processes. First, our needs assessment (questionnaire and interviews) in professional football (especially players) revealed that a 5-10 min concussion module was needed, ideally disseminated during club visits. Second, the objectives were defined (from published literature and by experts) as to disseminate essential information about what concussion is (definition), how to recognise it and the importance of removing a player with (suspected) concussion from the football field. We included an introductory video featuring a high-profile professional footballer and an animated educational component on defining concussion, recognising it and removing affected players from the field.
A quasiexperimental study (pretest post-test design) was conducted among 61 professional footballers. These players were asked to complete two questionnaires related to knowledge about and attitude towards concussion and feasibility of the module: one before and one after viewing the concussion module. Potential increase in knowledge and attitude was explored by comparing the pretest and post-test scores of the Rosenbaum Concussion Knowledge and Attitudes Survey with the non-parametric Wilcoxon signed-rank test (p<0.05). The mean knowledge score of the participants was stable between tests (Z=213; p=0.16), while mean attitude score increased significantly (Z=331; p=0.01). Nearly all participants (85%-100%) were positive about the relevance, added value, duration and form of the concussion module.
The developed educational concussion module leads to better attitude of professional footballers towards concussion.
描述：（1）我们如何开发一个脑震荡模块；（2）该脑震荡模块是否可行（在相关性、附加值和适用性方面），以及是否能增强职业足球运动员关于脑震荡的知识并改变其态度。
我们基于两个结构化和系统化的过程开发了脑震荡模块。首先，我们在职业足球领域（尤其是球员）进行的需求评估（问卷调查和访谈）表明，需要一个5 - 10分钟的脑震荡模块，理想情况下在俱乐部访问期间进行传播。其次，（根据已发表的文献并由专家确定）目标被定义为传播关于什么是脑震荡（定义）、如何识别它以及将（疑似）脑震荡球员从足球场上移除的重要性的基本信息。我们纳入了一段由一位知名职业足球运动员出演的介绍视频，以及一个关于定义脑震荡、识别脑震荡和将受影响球员从场上移除的动画教育组件。
在61名职业足球运动员中进行了一项准实验研究（前测 - 后测设计）。要求这些球员完成两份与脑震荡知识、态度以及该模块可行性相关的问卷：一份在观看脑震荡模块之前，一份在观看之后。通过使用非参数Wilcoxon符号秩检验（p<0.05）比较罗森鲍姆脑震荡知识与态度调查的前测和后测分数，探讨知识和态度的潜在提升。参与者的平均知识分数在测试之间保持稳定（Z = 213；p = 0.16），而平均态度分数显著提高（Z = 331；p = 0.01）。几乎所有参与者（85% - 100%）对脑震荡模块的相关性、附加值、时长和形式持肯定态度。
所开发的脑震荡教育模块使职业足球运动员对脑震荡有了更好的态度。
