Williams Joshua M, Langdon Jody L, McMillan James L, Buckley Thomas A
Department of Intercollegiate Athletics, Wagner College, Staten Island, NY 10301, USA.
School of Health and Kinesiology, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA 30460, USA.
J Sport Health Sci. 2016 Jun;5(2):197-204. doi: 10.1016/j.jshs.2015.01.009. Epub 2015 May 23.
Concussions are a common pathology in football and multiple misconceptions exist amongst the players and managers. To address these misconceptions, and potentially reduce concussion associated sequela, effective educational interventions need to be developed. However, the current knowledge and attitude status must be ascertained to appropriately develop these interventions. The purpose of this study was to assess the concussion knowledge and attitude of English professional footballers.
Twenty-six participants from one English Football League Championship club completed the study. A mixed methods approach included the Rosenbaum Concussion Knowledge and Attitudes Survey (RoCKAS) and a semi-structured interview. The RoCKAS contains separate knowledge (0-25) and attitude (15-75) scores and was followed by a semi-structured interview consisting of concussion knowledge, attitude, and behavior related questions.
The mean score on the RoCKAS knowledge was 16.4 ± 2.9 (range 11-22) and the attitude score was 59.6 ± 8.5 (range 41-71). The interview responses identified inconsistencies between the RoCKAS and the intended behaviors, endorsing multiple concussion misconceptions, and revealed barriers to concussion reporting.
The results of this study suggest that Championship Level English footballers have moderate concussion knowledge, safe attitudes, and good concussion symptom recognition when assessed with pen and paper questionnaires. However, within the semi-structured interview many respondents reported unsafe concussion behaviors despite accurately identifying the potential risks. Further, multiple barriers to concussion reporting were identified which included perceived severity of the injury, game situations, and the substitution rule. These findings can help form the foundation of educational interventions to potentially improve concussion reporting behaviors amongst professional footballers.
脑震荡是足球运动中常见的病理情况，球员和管理人员中存在多种误解。为了消除这些误解，并可能减少与脑震荡相关的后遗症，需要制定有效的教育干预措施。然而，必须先确定当前的知识和态度状况，才能恰当地制定这些干预措施。本研究的目的是评估英格兰职业足球运动员对脑震荡的知识和态度。
来自一家英格兰足球联赛冠军俱乐部的26名参与者完成了本研究。采用混合方法，包括罗森鲍姆脑震荡知识与态度调查（RoCKAS）和半结构化访谈。RoCKAS包含单独的知识得分（0 - 25分）和态度得分（15 - 75分），之后是由与脑震荡知识、态度和行为相关问题组成的半结构化访谈。
RoCKAS知识得分的平均值为16.4 ± 2.9（范围11 - 22），态度得分为59.6 ± 8.5（范围41 - 71）。访谈回答表明RoCKAS与预期行为之间存在不一致，认可了多种脑震荡误解，并揭示了脑震荡报告的障碍。
本研究结果表明，在通过纸笔问卷进行评估时，英冠联赛水平的英格兰足球运动员对脑震荡有中等程度的知识、安全的态度以及良好的脑震荡症状识别能力。然而，在半结构化访谈中，许多受访者尽管准确识别了潜在风险，但仍报告了不安全的脑震荡行为。此外，还确定了脑震荡报告的多个障碍，包括对损伤严重程度的认知、比赛情况和换人规则。这些发现有助于形成教育干预措施的基础，以潜在地改善职业足球运动员中的脑震荡报告行为。
