Kang Seokheon, Kim So-Yeun, Zittel Lauriece L, Looney Marilyn
Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, College of Education, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA.
J Exerc Rehabil. 2019 Feb 25;15(1):15-19. doi: 10.12965/jer.1836460.230. eCollection 2019 Feb.
This study examined differences of physical activity levels and social interactions among preschoolers with/without disabilities and those at risk for a developmental delay (DD). Sixty preschoolers (20 in each group) were film during their designated large gross motor time. Their physical activity levels and social interaction were examined using the physical activity level screening. Regarding physical activity levels, the result of a two-way analysis of variance indicated significant main effects for groups, (2,54)=4.192, =0.02; preschoolers at risk for a DD were more active than preschoolers without disabilities, =0.02. For social interaction, a significant main effect for groups, (2,54)=8.994, <0.001 was found; Preschoolers at risk for a DD were more interactive than preschoolers with/without disabilities, =0.001 and =0.002, respectively. There were no significant gender differences across three groups on physical activity levels and social interactions. Although preschoolers at risk for a DD was more active and interactive than the other groups, preschoolers across three groups engaged in light physical activity levels, and had limited social interactions with peers.
本研究调查了残疾和无残疾的学龄前儿童以及有发育迟缓风险（DD）的儿童在身体活动水平和社交互动方面的差异。六十名学龄前儿童（每组20名）在其指定的大肌肉动作时间内被拍摄。使用身体活动水平筛查来检查他们的身体活动水平和社交互动。关于身体活动水平，双向方差分析结果显示组间存在显著主效应，（2,54）=4.192，P =0.02；有发育迟缓风险的学龄前儿童比无残疾的学龄前儿童更活跃，P =0.02。对于社交互动，发现组间存在显著主效应，（2,54）=8.994，P<0.001；有发育迟缓风险的学龄前儿童比有/无残疾的学龄前儿童更具互动性，P分别为0.001和0.002。三组在身体活动水平和社交互动方面均无显著性别差异。尽管有发育迟缓风险的学龄前儿童比其他组更活跃且更具互动性，但三组学龄前儿童的身体活动水平均为轻度，与同伴的社交互动有限。
