安大略湖中选定的卤代有机阻燃剂的生物累积。
Bioaccumulation of Selected Halogenated Organic Flame Retardants in Lake Ontario.
机构信息
Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Bursa Technical University, Bursa, Turkey.
Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Environment & Climate Change Canada, Burlington, Ontario, Canada.
出版信息
Environ Toxicol Chem. 2019 Jun;38(6):1198-1210. doi: 10.1002/etc.4413. Epub 2019 May 13.
The trophic magnification of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and selected nonlegacy halogenated organic compounds (HOCs) was determined in the food web of Lake Ontario (ON, Canada). In all, 28 Br -Br -PBDEs and 24 HOCs (10 of which had not been targeted previously) were analyzed. Average concentrations of Σ PBDEs in fish ranged between 79.7 ± 54.2 ng/g lipid weight in alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) and 815 ± 695 ng/g lipid weight in lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush). For invertebrates, concentrations were between 13.4 ng/g lipid weight (net plankton; >110 μm) and 41.9 ng/g lipid weight in Diaporeia (Diaporeia hoyi). Detection frequency (DF) for HOCs was highest for anti-Dechlorane Plus (anti-DDC-CO), 1,3-diiodobenzene (1,3-DiiB), tribromo-methoxy-methylbenzene (ME-TBP), allyl 2,4,6-tribromophenyl ether (TBP-AE), pentabromocyclododecene (PBCYD), α+β-tetrabromocylcooctane (TBCO), 2-bromoallyl 2,4,6-tribromophenyl ether (BATE), and pentabromotoluene (PBT; DF for all = 100% in lake trout). Tetrabromoxylene (TBX), dibromopropyl 2,4,6-tribromophenyl ether (TBP-DBPE), and syn-DDC-CO were also frequently detected in trout (DF = 70-78%), whereas 2,3,4,5,6-pentabromoethyl benzene (PBEB) was detected only in plankton. Several HOCs were reported in aquatic biota in the Great Lakes (USA/Canada) for the first time in the present study, including PBCYD, 1,3DiiB, BATE, TBP-DBPE, PBT, α + β-TBCO, and ME-TBP. The Br -BDEs (-47, -85, -99, -100, -153, and -154) all had prey-weighted biomagnification factors (BMF ) values >6, whereas BMF values for Br -BDEs were <1. The highest BMF values of non-PBDEs were for TBP-DBPE (10.6 ± 1.34) and ME-TBP (4.88 ± 0.60), whereas TBP-AE had a BMF value of <1. Significant (p ≤ 0.05) trophic magnification factors (TMFs), both positive and negative, were found for Br BDEs (BDE 196 = 0.4; BDE 154 = 9.5) and for bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)ethane (BTBPE; 0.53), PBCYD (1.8), 1,3-DiiB (0.33), and pentabromobenzene (PBB; 0.25). Food chain length was found to have a significant influence on the TMF values. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:1198-1210. © 2019 SETAC.
多溴二苯醚（PBDEs）和选定的非传统卤代有机化合物（HOCs）在安大略湖（ON，加拿大）的食物网中进行了营养放大作用的测定。总共分析了 28 种 Br-Br-PBDEs 和 24 种 HOCs（其中 10 种以前没有目标）。鱼类中Σ PBDEs 的平均浓度范围在鲱鱼（Alosa pseudoharengus）中的 79.7 ± 54.2ng/g 脂质重量和湖鳟鱼（Salvelinus namaycush）中的 815 ± 695ng/g 脂质重量之间。对于无脊椎动物，浓度范围在网浮游生物（>110μm）中的 13.4ng/g 脂质重量和 Diaporeia（Diaporeia hoyi）中的 41.9ng/g 脂质重量之间。HOCs 的检测频率（DF）以抗-DDechlorane Plus（anti-DDC-CO）最高，其次为 1,3-二碘苯（1,3-DiiB）、三溴甲氧基甲基苯（ME-TBP）、烯丙基 2,4,6-三溴苯基醚（TBP-AE）、五溴环十二烷（PBCYD）、α+β-四溴环辛烷（TBCO）、2-溴丙烯 2,4,6-三溴苯基醚（BATE）和五溴甲苯（PBT；所有在湖鳟鱼中的 DF = 100％）。四溴二甲苯（TBX）、二溴丙基 2,4,6-三溴苯基醚（TBP-DBPE）和 syn-DDC-CO 也经常在鳟鱼中被检测到（DF = 70-78％），而 2,3,4,5,6-五溴乙基苯（PBEB）仅在浮游生物中被检测到。本研究首次在大湖区（美国/加拿大）水生生物中报告了几种 HOCs，包括 PBCYD、1,3DiiB、BATE、TBP-DBPE、PBT、α+β-TBCO 和 ME-TBP。Br-BDEs（-47、-85、-99、-100、-153 和-154）的所有猎物加权生物放大因子（BMF）值均>6，而 Br-BDEs 的 BMF 值均<1。非 PBDEs 的最高 BMF 值为 TBP-DBPE（10.6 ± 1.34）和 ME-TBP（4.88 ± 0.60），而 TBP-AE 的 BMF 值<1。发现 Br BDEs（BDE 196=0.4；BDE 154=9.5）和双（2,4,6-三溴苯氧基）乙烷（BTBPE；0.53）、PBCYD（1.8）、1,3-DiiB（0.33）和五溴苯（PBB；0.25）的正、负营养放大因子（TMFs）均有显著（p≤0.05）。食物链长度被发现对 TMF 值有显著影响。环境毒理化学 2019；38：1198-1210。版权所有 2019 SETAC。
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