Dr. D.Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
PE Society's Modern College of Pharmacy, Nigdi, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
Med Hypotheses. 2019 Apr;125:79-83. doi: 10.1016/j.mehy.2019.02.039. Epub 2019 Feb 16.
Millions of people die as a result of fatal injuries accounting for 9% of the total global annual deaths. Non fatal injuries generally result in variety of wounds. The normal wound healing process is slow and takes weeks to months, depending on the type of wound. In last two decades, electrotherapy called low-intensity currents (LIC) for the treatment became popular for faster wound healing, as well as in management of nonresponding and ulcerative wounds. It was reported that LIC mimics 'the current of injury' which is generated by body on wounding and helps in faster wound healing. Researchers have also studied the migration of localized cell and other bio-molecules under the influence of LIC helping the wound to heal faster. Literature review has also suggested that, electrical stimulation of isolated adipose tissue derived stem cells (ADSCs) releases growth factors and differentiates in to specialized cells like fibroblasts and keratinocytes in laboratory conditions. These research areas are well explored and emerged as independent state-of-the-arts therapies and technologies. Considering the fact, that adipose tissue (along with ADSCs) is present subcutaneously, a new hypothesis is proposed which states that 'low intensity current (LIC) stimulation of wound stimulates subcutaneous adipose tissue containing ADSCs which releases different growth factors and also differentiates into certain cells like fibroblasts, neurons and keratinocytes. These cells easily migrate to wound site due to lipolysis and loosening of fat tissue, resulting in faster wound healing'. Thus this hypothesis provides a missing link between two state of the art technologies; first one is 'LIC based electrotherapy' and second one is 'in-vitro LIC stimulation of ADCSs' where role and significance of in-situ ADCSs were never studied.
数以百万计的人因占全球年总死亡人数 9%的致命伤害而死亡。非致命性伤害通常会导致各种伤口。正常的伤口愈合过程较慢，需要数周或数月的时间，具体取决于伤口的类型。在过去的二十年中，称为低强度电流 (LIC) 的电疗因其更快的伤口愈合以及对非反应性和溃疡性伤口的管理而变得流行。据报道，LIC 模拟了身体在受伤时产生的“电流伤”，有助于更快地愈合伤口。研究人员还研究了在 LIC 影响下局部细胞和其他生物分子的迁移，有助于伤口更快愈合。文献综述还表明，在实验室条件下，电刺激分离的脂肪组织来源的干细胞 (ADSCs) 会释放生长因子并分化为成纤维细胞和角质细胞等特化细胞。这些研究领域已经得到了充分的探索，并成为独立的先进治疗技术。鉴于脂肪组织（连同 ADSCs）存在于皮下这一事实，提出了一个新的假设，即“伤口的低强度电流 (LIC) 刺激刺激含有 ADSCs 的皮下脂肪组织，释放不同的生长因子，并分化为特定的细胞，如成纤维细胞、神经元和角质细胞。由于脂肪组织的脂解和松动，这些细胞很容易迁移到伤口部位，导致伤口更快愈合”。因此，该假设在两种先进技术之间提供了一个缺失的环节；第一个是“基于 LIC 的电疗”，第二个是“体外 LIC 刺激 ADSCs”，其中从未研究过原位 ADSCs 的作用和意义。
