Department of Radiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
Sci Rep. 2019 Mar 22;9(1):5027. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-41606-2.
The brain's operations are mainly intrinsic, involving the acquisition and maintenance of information for interpreting, responding to and predicting environmental demands. The brain's on-going intrinsic activity (i.e., the resting-state activity) is spontaneous, but this spontaneous activity exhibits a surprising level of spatial and temporal organization across the whole brain. In this study we compared the intrinsic activity with the activity evoked by tasks, and made the comparison at several levels of analysis from a finger-tapping-activated area within the primary sensorimotor cortex to the whole brain. We found that, contrary to our intuition, the intrinsic activity was substantially larger than the task activity and consistently so for all levels of analysis. For the task state, the brain: (1) controlled the intrinsic activity not only during the performance of a task but also during the rest between tasks; (2) activated a task-specific network only when the task was performed but kept it relatively "silent" for other different tasks; and (3) simultaneously controlled the activation of all task-specific networks during the performance of each task.
大脑的运作主要是内在的，涉及获取和维护信息，以解释、响应和预测环境需求。大脑持续的内在活动（即静息态活动）是自发的，但这种自发活动在整个大脑中表现出惊人的空间和时间组织水平。在这项研究中，我们比较了内在活动与任务引起的活动，并在从初级感觉运动皮层内的手指敲击激活区域到整个大脑的几个分析水平上进行了比较。我们发现，与我们的直觉相反，内在活动比任务活动大得多，而且在所有分析水平上都是如此。对于任务状态，大脑：（1）不仅在执行任务期间，而且在任务之间的休息期间控制内在活动；（2）仅在执行任务时激活特定任务的网络，但使其在执行其他不同任务时相对“静默”；（3）在执行每个任务时同时控制所有特定任务网络的激活。
