Department of Biodiversity and Nature Conservation, Federal Technological University of Parana, Rosalina Maria dos Santos, 1233, Campo Mourão, PR, 87301-899, Brazil.
Department of Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, PR, 81531-980, Brazil.
Environ Monit Assess. 2019 Mar 22;191(4):236. doi: 10.1007/s10661-019-7346-y.
A sediment core was sampled in an urban lake in southern Brazil, and the presence of 27 trace elements was assessed. The geochronology showed that the core corresponds to the period from 1914 to 2012. Accumulation of metals and the level of pollution was measured by the geoaccumulation index (I) and enrichment factor (EF). According to I and EF, the lake showed a high concentration of Ag, Se, Na, Au, S, Ca, Mg, Ba, Sb, Bi, and Sr with 5 ≤ EF ≤ 45 and I class = 2-6. The EF to Au = 45 and Ag = 40. In contrast, Fe, Al, As, Cr, Ga, La, Sc, and Th do not represent pollution (I ≤ 0 and EF ≤ 1.6). A principal component analysis and Spearman correlation showed a first group composed of Ca, Mg, P, Ba, Sr, Na, K, Ag, Bi, Au, Mo, sand, silt, and total organic carbon with positive correlation ≥ 0.70 and > 0.95 to Sr, Ag, sand, and silt. These were negatively correlated ≥- 0.70 with Fe. The second group: Fe, La, Ga, Ti, V, Cr, As, Al, Th from lithogenic source. Prediction models for the concentration for Mg, Na, P, Sr, Fe, Ga, and total organic carbon to years 2020-2050 were obtained with R > 0.65. In the anthropogenic source analyses, a watershed land use map indicates multiple uses of the land, with 53% urban area, 14.6% agriculture, and 14.5% forest.
在巴西南部的一个城市湖泊中采集了一个沉积物岩芯，并评估了其中 27 种微量元素的存在情况。地球年代学表明，该岩芯对应于 1914 年至 2012 年的时间段。金属的积累和污染水平通过地质累积指数（I）和富集因子（EF）来测量。根据 I 和 EF，该湖泊显示出高浓度的 Ag、Se、Na、Au、S、Ca、Mg、Ba、Sb、Bi 和 Sr，EF 值为 5 至 45，I 类值为 2 至 6。EF 值到 Au 为 45，Ag 为 40。相比之下，Fe、Al、As、Cr、Ga、La、Sc 和 Th 并不代表污染（I 值≤0 和 EF 值≤1.6）。主成分分析和 Spearman 相关性显示，第一组由 Ca、Mg、P、Ba、Sr、Na、K、Ag、Bi、Au、Mo、沙子、淤泥和总有机碳组成，正相关系数≥0.70，与 Sr、Ag、沙子和淤泥的相关性大于 0.95。与 Fe 呈负相关，相关性系数≥-0.70。第二组：Fe、La、Ga、Ti、V、Cr、As、Al、Th 来自岩石源。利用 R 值>0.65，获得了预测 2020-2050 年 Mg、Na、P、Sr、Fe、Ga 和总有机碳浓度的模型。在人为源分析中，流域土地利用图显示了土地的多种用途，其中 53%为城市面积，14.6%为农业，14.5%为森林。
