Faculty of Sciences, Department for Biology and Ecology, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 3, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia.
Environ Monit Assess. 2018 Jul 11;190(8):459. doi: 10.1007/s10661-018-6743-y.
Continuous monitoring of heavy metal content in vegetables is of high priority for population nutrition control, as well as risk assessment for human health. The chemical composition of plants is a reliable indicator of their contamination by hazardous substances accumulated in the environment as a consequence of inadequately applied agro-technology. The main goal of this study was to examine the quality of vegetables that reach consumer markets as a function of growth location. Samples of 11 of the most common vegetable species used in the human diet were collected during a 4-year survey. Vegetables originated from local farm producers who cultivated them at different locations in Vojvodina Province, Serbia. Many vegetable samples contained disturbingly high levels of the investigated metals: cadmium, lead, nickel, and chromium. The plant species with the highest Cd accumulation was spinach, where Cd leaves exceeded the maximum permissible concentrations (MPCs) in more than half of the analyzed samples from different localities (54%). Pb concentrations in spinach were also higher than MPC values (according to Serbian law 3.0 μg/g) in 46% of all analyzed samples. Results showed that Cr levels in all tested vegetable species were below MPC values recommended by the FAO/WHO organization. The largest chromium accumulator was spinach, with average values of 2.3 μg/g, followed by beetroot and parsnips with an average concentration of 1.4 μg/g. The highest average content of Ni in all analyzed vegetable species was also recorded in spinach leaves, with an average value of 2.2 μg/g, followed by broccoli (1.7 μg/g) and tomatoes (1.5 μg/g).
连续监测蔬菜中的重金属含量对于人口营养控制以及评估人类健康风险至关重要。植物的化学成分是其受环境中有害物质污染的可靠指标，这些有害物质是由于农业技术应用不当而在环境中积累的。本研究的主要目的是研究到达消费者市场的蔬菜的质量与其生长地点的关系。在为期 4 年的调查中，收集了 11 种最常见的用于人类饮食的蔬菜样本。这些蔬菜来自塞尔维亚伏伊伏丁那省不同地点的当地农场生产者。许多蔬菜样本中含有令人担忧的高水平研究金属：镉、铅、镍和铬。镉积累最高的植物物种是菠菜，其中半数以上（54%）来自不同地区的分析样本中的菠菜叶超过了最大允许浓度（MPC）。菠菜中的 Pb 浓度也高于所有分析样本中 46%（根据塞尔维亚法律 3.0μg/g）的 MPC 值。结果表明，所有测试蔬菜物种中的 Cr 水平均低于粮农组织/世卫组织推荐的 MPC 值。最大的铬积累者是菠菜，平均值为 2.3μg/g，其次是甜菜根和欧洲防风草，平均值为 1.4μg/g。所有分析的蔬菜物种中，Ni 的平均含量最高也记录在菠菜叶中，平均值为 2.2μg/g，其次是西兰花（1.7μg/g）和西红柿（1.5μg/g）。
