State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China.
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, People's Republic of China.
Environ Geochem Health. 2020 Mar;42(3):795-808. doi: 10.1007/s10653-019-00280-z. Epub 2019 Mar 23.
This study discusses changes in connected water systems in Chagan Lake induced by the interference of natural and human activities, based on the analysis of sediment characteristics. In this study, the following sediment characteristics were investigated in the lake area, the natural supply area, and the lake drainage area: mineral composition; particle size distribution; magnetic susceptibility; nutrient content; content of isotopes δC and δN; and content of heavy metals and of metallic oxides. The results showed that silicate minerals quartz, orthoclase, and anorthose were abundant in the whole lake water system. Quartz accumulated more easily in the lake area, while carbonate masses in the lake mainly came from the Huolinhe River. Moving from the lake area to the water diversion and drainage areas, fine particles clearly decreased, while coarse particles significantly increased due to the increase in hydraulic erosion. The main sources of nutrients and of organic matter are: the residual of the drainage from the Qianguo irrigated areas; the surrounding villages and the tourist area; and the decomposition of aquatic organisms. A large number of anthropogenic heavy metals, such as Hg, Cu, and As, were accumulated in the artificial water diversion area and in the farmland drainage area. This study indicates that recovering the original connected water system during the wet season, while at the same time enhancing water supply during the dry season could improve the ecological quality of Chagan Lake.
本研究通过对沉积物特征的分析，讨论了自然和人为活动干扰下查干湖连通水系的变化。在本研究中，对湖区、自然补给区和湖排水区的以下沉积物特征进行了调查：矿物组成、粒度分布、磁化率、养分含量、同位素 δC 和 δN 含量、重金属和金属氧化物含量。结果表明，整个湖水系统中富含硅酸盐矿物石英、正长石和钙长石。石英在湖区更容易积累，而湖中碳酸盐主要来自霍林河。从湖区到引水和排水区，细颗粒明显减少，而粗颗粒由于水力侵蚀的增加而显著增加。营养物质和有机质的主要来源是：乾国灌区排水的残留；周围村庄和旅游区；以及水生生物的分解。大量人为重金属，如汞、铜和砷，在人工引水区和农田排水区积累。本研究表明，在雨季恢复原有的连通水系，同时在旱季增加供水，可以提高查干湖的生态质量。
