Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
Department of Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
Virus Res. 2019 May;265:115-121. doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2019.03.014. Epub 2019 Mar 21.
HIV-1 spreads through both the release of cell-free particles and by cell-to-cell transmission. Mounting evidence indicates that cell-to-cell transmission is more efficient than cell-free transmission of particles and likely influences the pathogenesis of HIV-1 infection. This mode of viral transmission also influences the generation and maintenance of the latent reservoir, which represents the main obstacle for curing the infection. In this review we will discuss general cell contact-dependent mechanisms that HIV-1 utilizes for its spread and the evidence pointing to cell-to-cell transmission as a mechanism for the establishment and maintenance of latent infection.
HIV-1 通过释放游离颗粒和细胞间传播两种方式传播。越来越多的证据表明，细胞间传播比游离颗粒的细胞外传播效率更高，可能影响 HIV-1 感染的发病机制。这种病毒传播方式也影响潜伏库的产生和维持，而潜伏库是治愈感染的主要障碍。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论 HIV-1 用于传播的一般细胞接触依赖机制，以及指向细胞间传播作为建立和维持潜伏感染机制的证据。
