BSN, RN, Master Student, Student Research Center, Faculty of Nursing & Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
PhD, Associate Professor, Psychiatric Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
J Nurs Res. 2020 Feb;28(1):e70. doi: 10.1097/jnr.0000000000000320.
The consequences and high costs of psychiatric disorders impact family caregivers greatly. Health services should identify and provide accessible support programs to facilitate effective caregiver coping.
The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a theory-of-planned-behavior-based problem-solving training program on the coping styles of family caregivers of psychiatric inpatients.
In this two-group, randomized control trial, 72 family caregivers were randomly assigned to either a control group receiving standard care or an intervention group receiving a training program (eight sessions over 4 weeks). Demographic information was recorded at baseline, and the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations was administered to both groups at baseline, immediately postintervention, and 1-month follow-up.
Immediately after the intervention, the intervention group earned significantly higher task-oriented coping style scores (mean difference = 5.03, p = .015) than the control group, but no significant difference was detected between the two groups for either emotion- or avoidance-oriented coping style scores. At 1-month follow-up, the intervention group earned significantly higher scores than the control group for task-oriented (mean difference = 8.56, p < .001) and emotion-oriented (mean difference = 7.14, p = .002) coping styles. No improvement in avoidance-oriented coping style at the postintervention or follow-up time points was detected.
Implementation by nurses and other health professionals of problem-solving training programs that are based on the theory of planned behavior is recommended to strengthen the use of task- and emotion-oriented approaches that help family caregivers of psychiatric patients better cope with stress.
精神疾病的后果和高昂成本对家庭照顾者影响巨大。卫生服务机构应识别并提供易于获取的支持方案，以促进照顾者有效应对。
本研究旨在确定基于计划行为理论的问题解决培训方案对精神科住院患者家庭照顾者应对方式的有效性。
这是一项两组成组、随机对照试验，将 72 名家庭照顾者随机分配至对照组（接受标准护理）或干预组（接受为期 4 周、共 8 次的培训方案）。在基线时记录人口统计学信息，并在基线时、干预后即刻和 1 个月随访时对两组均使用应对压力情境量表进行评估。
干预后即刻，干预组的任务导向型应对方式评分显著高于对照组（平均差值=5.03，p=.015），但两组在情绪导向型或回避导向型应对方式评分方面均无显著差异。在 1 个月随访时，干预组在任务导向型（平均差值=8.56，p<.001）和情绪导向型（平均差值=7.14，p=.002）应对方式的评分均显著高于对照组。在干预后或随访时，回避导向型应对方式均无改善。
建议由护士和其他卫生专业人员实施基于计划行为理论的问题解决培训方案，以加强使用任务导向型和情绪导向型方法，帮助精神科患者的家庭照顾者更好地应对压力。
