Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Vaccine Education Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
J Am Coll Health. 2020 Aug-Sep;68(6):593-602. doi: 10.1080/07448481.2019.1583660. Epub 2019 Mar 25.
We aimed to explore knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about vaccines required for college-entry and vaccine-related behaviors among college students. Thirty-three full-time undergraduate students, ≥ 18 years old, enrolled at public (2) and private (3) colleges and universities in metropolitan Philadelphia in fall 2016. We conducted semistructured interviews, which were double-coded with 5,015 comments overall and 99.3% intercoder reliability ( = 0.779) using NVivo 11 software. Six key themes emerged: (1) low knowledge about vaccines and requirements; (2) mixed attitudes about required vs. recommended vaccines; (3) high trust in medical professionals; (4) low perceived risk for vaccine-preventable disease outbreaks; (5) substantial parental influence on students' decision-making; and (6) low utilization of Student Health Services. This study revealed lack of knowledge about and low prioritization of vaccination despite overall positive attitudes towards vaccines. Prematriculation education of college students is critical to increasing vaccine knowledge and use.
我们旨在探索大学生进入大学所需的疫苗知识、态度和信念，以及与疫苗相关的行为。2016 年秋季，我们在费城大都市的公立（2 所）和私立（3 所）学院和大学招募了 33 名全日制本科生，年龄在 18 岁及以上。我们进行了半结构化访谈，使用 NVivo 11 软件对总共 5015 条评论进行了双重编码，总体编码一致性为 99.3%（ = 0.779）。出现了六个关键主题：（1）疫苗和要求知识不足；（2）对必需和推荐疫苗的态度混合；（3）对医疗专业人员的高度信任；（4）对疫苗可预防疾病爆发的低感知风险；（5）父母对学生决策的重大影响；以及（6）学生对学生健康服务的利用率低。这项研究表明，尽管对疫苗总体持积极态度，但对疫苗缺乏了解且对疫苗的重视程度较低。大学生入学前教育对于提高疫苗知识和使用率至关重要。
