College of Management, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, SKLLQG, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, China.
Aarhus University Centre for Circular Bioeconomy, Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, BlichersAllé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark.
Environ Int. 2019 Jun;127:78-84. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.03.021. Epub 2019 Mar 23.
China experiences severe particulate pollution, especially in winter, and determining the characteristics of particulate matter (PM) during pollution events is imperative for understanding the sources and causes of the pollution. However, inconsistencies have been found in the aerosol composition, sources and secondary processing among reported studies. Modern meta-analysis was used to probe the PM chemical characteristics and processing in winter at four representative regions of China, and the first finding was that secondary aerosol formation was the major effect factor for PM pollution. The secondary inorganic species behaved differently in the four regions: sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium increased in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) and Guanzhong (GZ) areas, but only nitrate increased in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) and Yangtze River Delta (YRD) regions. The increased production of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) was probably caused by aqueous-phase processing in the GZ and BTH regions and by photochemical reactions in the PRD. Finally, we suggest future AMS/ACSM observations should focus on the aerosol characteristics in rural areas in winter in China.
中国经历着严重的颗粒物污染，特别是在冬季，因此确定污染事件期间颗粒物的特征对于了解污染的来源和原因至关重要。然而，在已报道的研究中，气溶胶组成、来源和二次处理之间存在不一致性。本研究采用现代元分析方法探究了中国四个代表性地区冬季 PM 的化学特征和二次处理过程，首次发现二次气溶胶形成是 PM 污染的主要影响因素。四种地区的二次无机物种表现出不同的特征：硫酸盐、硝酸盐和铵盐在京津冀（BTH）和关中（GZ）地区增加，而仅在珠江三角洲（PRD）和长江三角洲（YRD）地区增加了硝酸盐。二次有机气溶胶（SOA）的增加可能是由于 GZ 和 BTH 地区的水相处理以及 PRD 地区的光化学反应所致。最后，我们建议未来的 AMS/ACSM 观测应重点关注中国冬季农村地区的气溶胶特征。
