Ardalan Ali, Belay Gosaye Degu, Assen Mohammed, Hosseinzadeh-Attar Mohammad Javad, Khoei Effat Merghati, Ostadtaghizadeh Abbas
Department of Health in Emergencies and Disasters, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Disaster and Emergency Health, School of Public Health, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Hum Antibodies. 2019;27(S1):11-22. doi: 10.3233/HAB-190364.
Drought is a serious issue which might be caused by climate change that could create famine and health problems. Drought reduces air quality, increases fungal infestation, reduces people hand washing, affects mental health, leads to malnutrition by decreasing agricultural production, and increases diseases transmitted by insects. This study aimed to determine and describe community health status through building drought resilience in Ethiopia.
This review was conducted based on the available peer-reviewed articles that were published from January 2004 to December 2018 Online databases from PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus, EMBASE and Google Scholar were searched for studies related to the building drought and community health resilience at different regions of Ethiopia that were published in English language. The search was made by using "Emergency disaster", "prevention", "preparedness", "response", "recovery", "drought", "food insecurity", "coping strategies" and "drought health policy" as keywords.
Most of the reviewed articles deal with the impact of climate change on the human health in relation to food security. The associated factors of the impact of drought on food security is basically due to lack of irrigation and farmland, the scarcity of water due to the direct effect of drought, flood, severe soil erosion, livestock dispossession, family size of the household and literacy of the households. Various coping strategies were employed by the households to alleviate the high and continued food insecurity problem such as reducing the number and amount of meal, scrounging cash and grain, searching for off-farm and non-farm jobs, getting food aid, vending of livestock, and partake in food for work programs.
The findings explored components of the coping strategies to the building resilience create fruitful health conditions for the food insecure household. The effect of agricultural support services as reliance's on drought and community health situation was regarded as a positive outcome. Moreover, the means to get adequate food security strategies in all regions of Ethiopia should be designed. Furthermore, future researches are recommended for finding the best building strategies for each region of Ethiopia.
干旱是一个严重问题，可能由气候变化引起，会造成饥荒和健康问题。干旱会降低空气质量，增加真菌感染，减少人们洗手的频率，影响心理健康，通过减少农业产量导致营养不良，并增加昆虫传播的疾病。本研究旨在通过增强埃塞俄比亚的抗旱能力来确定和描述社区健康状况。
本综述基于2004年1月至2018年12月发表的同行评审文章进行。在PubMed、MEDLINE、Scopus、EMBASE和谷歌学术等在线数据库中搜索以英文发表的、与埃塞俄比亚不同地区增强抗旱能力和社区健康恢复力相关的研究。搜索使用“紧急灾难”“预防”“准备”“应对”“恢复”“干旱”“粮食不安全”“应对策略”和“干旱健康政策”作为关键词。
大多数综述文章涉及气候变化对与粮食安全相关的人类健康的影响。干旱对粮食安全产生影响的相关因素主要是由于缺乏灌溉和农田、干旱的直接影响导致缺水、洪水、严重土壤侵蚀、牲畜丧失、家庭规模和家庭识字率。家庭采用了各种应对策略来缓解长期严重的粮食不安全问题，如减少用餐次数和量、乞讨现金和谷物、寻找非农业和非农工作、获得粮食援助、售卖牲畜以及参加以工换粮项目。
研究结果探索了应对策略的组成部分，以增强恢复力，为粮食不安全家庭创造有益健康的条件。农业支持服务作为抗旱和社区健康状况的依赖因素的作用被视为一项积极成果。此外，应设计出在埃塞俄比亚所有地区实现充足粮食安全策略的方法。此外，建议未来进行研究，以找到适合埃塞俄比亚每个地区的最佳增强策略。
