Section of Veterinary Clinics and Animal Productions, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Valenzano (Ba), Italy.
Department of Biology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.
Histol Histopathol. 2019 Sep;34(9):1037-1050. doi: 10.14670/HH-18-106. Epub 2019 Mar 27.
Although the use of probiotics in human and animal medicine is growing, their mode of action remains poorly understood. This study examined the effects of a multi-strain probiotic (SLAB51™) on the morphology and carbohydrate composition of mucins secreted by goblet cells of intestinal crypts in growing-finishing pigs. Sections of duodenum, caecum and colon from pigs fed for 12 weeks with an orally administered control basal diet (No-Pro) or one with a probiotic blend (Pro) were processed for microscopic analysis and stained with (1) haematoxylin-eosin for structural and morphometrical investigation; (2) conventional histochemistry (periodic acid-Schiff, Alcian Blue pH 2.5, high iron diamine staining) for neutral, acidic non-sulphated, and sulphated mucin analysis; and (3) FITC-labelled MAA-II and SNA lectins for α2,3- and α2,6-sialomucin identification. Compared with No-Pro samples, Pro samples displayed (1) increased goblet cell numbers in all investigated tract crypts; (2) an increase in acidic non-sulphomucins but a decrease in neutral, sulphated and α2,6-sialomucin-secreting goblet cells in the duodenum; (3) decreased crypt depth, an increase in α2,6-sialomucin secretory goblet cells, and a loss of goblet cell-secreting α2,3-sialomucins, which appeared on the apical surface of crypt fundus epithelial cells in the caecum; and (4) an increase in α2,6-sialomucin-producing goblet cells in the colon. Results suggest that treatment with SLAB51™ induces region-specific changes in the morphology and carbohydrate composition of mucins secreted along intestinal tracts of growing-finishing pigs. These changes could ameliorate the health status of the animals, which displayed higher growth performance and meat quality than controls (Tufarelli et al., 2017).
尽管益生菌在人类和动物医学中的应用正在不断增加，但它们的作用机制仍知之甚少。本研究探讨了多菌株益生菌（SLAB51™）对生长育肥猪肠道隐窝内杯状细胞分泌的粘蛋白形态和碳水化合物组成的影响。用口服基础对照日粮（无益生菌）或含益生菌混合物（益生菌）喂养 12 周的猪的十二指肠、盲肠和结肠切片进行显微镜分析，并进行（1）苏木精-伊红染色进行结构和形态计量学研究；（2）常规组织化学（过碘酸-希夫、Alcian Blue pH 2.5、高铁二胺染色）分析中性、酸性非硫酸化和硫酸化粘蛋白；（3）用 FITC 标记的 MAA-II 和 SNA 凝集素鉴定 α2,3-和 α2,6-唾液酸化粘蛋白。与无益生菌组相比，益生菌组在所有研究的肠隐窝中显示出（1）杯状细胞数量增加；（2）十二指肠中酸性非硫酸粘蛋白增加，但中性、硫酸化和 α2,6-唾液酸化粘蛋白分泌的杯状细胞减少；（3）隐窝深度减小，α2,6-唾液酸化粘蛋白分泌的杯状细胞增加，以及在盲肠隐窝底部上皮细胞的顶端表面上丧失分泌 α2,3-唾液酸化粘蛋白的杯状细胞；（4）结肠中产生 α2,6-唾液酸化粘蛋白的杯状细胞增加。结果表明，SLAB51™ 的处理诱导了生长育肥猪整个肠道粘蛋白形态和碳水化合物组成的区域特异性变化。这些变化可能改善动物的健康状况，与对照组相比，动物表现出更高的生长性能和肉品质（Tufarelli 等人，2017 年）。
