Rossi Tanya M, Moore Alison, O'Sullivan Terri L, Greer Amy L
Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.
Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food, and Rural Affairs, Guelph, ON, Canada.
Front Vet Sci. 2019 Mar 13;6:71. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2019.00071. eCollection 2019.
Respiratory disease is a common morbidity of young racehorses. Infections can lead to compromised welfare, and economic loss. Identification of risk factors for infection through clinical signs monitoring and collection of demographic, serologic, and contact network data can aid in the development of prevention and control strategies. The study objectives were to: (1) describe the transmission and clinical course of infectious respiratory disease in standardbred racehorses in a multi-barn training facility and, (2) identify demographic, serological, and contact network risk factors associated with Equine Rhinitis A virus (ERAV) respiratory disease. The study population included standardbred racehorses (age 1-5 years: = 96) housed at a multi-barn training facility in southern Ontario. Clinical signs were monitored daily over a 41-day period in fall 2017. Descriptive statistics, including incidence rate, prevalence and incidence risk were calculated for the observed period. Associations between demographic, serologic, and contact pattern variables, and clinical disease status were investigated using multivariable logistic regression. Respiratory disease cases were characterized by mucopurulent discharge (100%), intermittent cough (37.7%), and ocular discharge (62.3%). Fever (>38.5°C) and inappetence were rarely reported (15.2 and 3.8%). Seroconversion to ERAV among cases was 75%. Total, and yearling-specific incidence risks were 52.5 and 87.9%. The cumulative incidence was 0.027 new cases/horse day. A negative association (OR = 0.011) between increasing age and respiratory disease was significant ( = < 0.001) in the final regression model. Yearling horses were at increased risk of infectious respiratory disease as demonstrated by the high yearling-specific incidence risk, and the negative association between age and infection. Disease control strategies, such as vaccination programs and isolation of new horses arriving from auction, should be targeted at young animals entering training facilities.
呼吸道疾病是年轻赛马常见的发病情况。感染会导致福利受损和经济损失。通过临床症状监测以及收集人口统计学、血清学和接触网络数据来识别感染的风险因素，有助于制定预防和控制策略。本研究的目的是：（1）描述多马厩训练设施中标准赛马传染性呼吸道疾病的传播和临床过程，以及（2）识别与马A型鼻炎病毒（ERAV）呼吸道疾病相关的人口统计学、血清学和接触网络风险因素。研究对象包括安大略省南部一个多马厩训练设施中饲养的标准赛马（年龄1至5岁：n = 96）。在2017年秋季的41天内每天监测临床症状。计算观察期内的描述性统计数据，包括发病率、患病率和发病风险。使用多变量逻辑回归研究人口统计学、血清学和接触模式变量与临床疾病状态之间的关联。呼吸道疾病病例的特征为黏液脓性分泌物（100%）、间歇性咳嗽（37.7%）和眼部分泌物（62.3%）。很少有发热（>38.5°C）和食欲不振的报告（分别为15.2%和3.8%）。病例中ERAV血清转化为75%。总体和一岁马特定的发病风险分别为52.5%和87.9%。累积发病率为0.027新病例/马日。在最终回归模型中，年龄增长与呼吸道疾病之间的负相关（OR =
