J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2019 Apr;60(4):329-332. doi: 10.1111/jcpp.13055.
When developmental psychopathology emerged as a discipline in the late 1970s and early 1980s, its proponents were as careful to explain what it was not, as they were to define what it was (e.g. Sroufe & Rutter, 1984). In particular, they differentiated developmental psychopathology from child psychiatry, which is primarily concerned with the differential diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of childhood disorders. In contrast, developmental psychopathology was defined as 'the study of the origins and course of individual patterns of behavioral maladaptation, whatever the age of onset, whatever the causes, whatever the transformations in behavioral manifestation, and however complex the course of the developmental pattern may be' (Sroufe & Rutter, 1984, p. 18).
当发展心理病理学在 20 世纪 70 年代末和 80 年代初作为一门学科出现时,其倡导者不仅致力于定义它是什么(例如,Sroufe 和 Rutter,1984),还非常小心地解释它不是什么。特别是,他们将发展心理病理学与儿童精神病学区分开来,后者主要关注儿童障碍的鉴别诊断、预后和治疗。相比之下,发展心理病理学被定义为“研究个体行为适应不良模式的起源和过程,无论发病年龄如何,无论病因如何,无论行为表现的变化如何,以及发展模式的过程可能多么复杂”(Sroufe 和 Rutter,1984 年,第 18 页)。