Population Health Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 610 Walnut Street, Madison, WI 53726.
J Sch Health. 2019 Jun;89(6):503-511. doi: 10.1111/josh.12759. Epub 2019 Mar 28.
We examined written language in Wisconsin school wellness policies (SWPs) for federal mandate compliance, quality related to obesity prevention, and school characteristics associated with variations in quality. This is the first near census of Wisconsin SWPs and examines whether adhering to federal mandates results in strong policies aimed at preventing pediatric obesity.
Policies were coded using the WellSAT 2.0. Policy quality was computed as comprehensiveness and strength based on 6 subscales and 2 overall scores. Variations in policy quality were examined by district size, free/reduced lunch percentage, and year of last revision.
We received SWPs from 91% of districts. Six of the 8 federal mandates were addressed by the majority of districts, although less than one fourth addressed all. Most comprehensiveness scores were weak to moderate, and strength scores were weak. All school characteristics were significantly related to overall policy quality; effect sizes were small.
Our results confirm the necessity of statewide focus on SWP improvement and suggest that while districts may be meeting federal mandates related to pediatric obesity, few policies include health promotion practices beyond those required. Policies remain fragmented and lack focus on obesity prevention practices; we identify modifiable areas for improvement.
我们检查了威斯康星州学校健康政策（SWP）中的书面语言，以检查其是否符合联邦法规要求、与肥胖预防相关的质量，以及与质量变化相关的学校特征。这是对威斯康星州 SWP 的首次近乎普查，旨在检查遵守联邦法规是否会导致针对预防儿童肥胖的有力政策。
使用 WellSAT 2.0 对政策进行编码。根据 6 个子量表和 2 个总体得分，计算政策的全面性和强度来评估政策质量。通过地区规模、免费/减价午餐比例和最近修订年份来检查政策质量的变化。
我们收到了 91%地区的 SWP。尽管不到四分之一的地区涵盖了所有内容，但大多数地区都满足了六个联邦法规中的六个要求。大多数全面性得分较弱到中等，强度得分较弱。所有学校特征与总体政策质量显著相关；效应大小较小。
我们的结果证实了全州范围内关注 SWP 改进的必要性，并表明尽管各地区可能符合与儿童肥胖相关的联邦法规要求，但很少有政策包含除法规要求之外的健康促进实践。政策仍然分散，缺乏对肥胖预防实践的关注；我们确定了可改进的领域。
