Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea.
Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Mar 29;16(7):1127. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16071127.
Consumption of alcohol mixed with energy drinks (AmED) has been associated with various alcohol-related consequences among college students. However, more information is required to assess how this relationship is affected by sociodemographic and environmental factors. This paper investigates the association between AmED consumption and negative alcohol-related consequences while (1) stratifying AmED users by sex, (2) examining a range of outcomes specific to the college context (e.g., missing class), and (3) controlling for drinking frequency and amount. We surveyed and analyzed the data of 4592 students in a nationally representative sample of 82 colleges in South Korea. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify the association between AmED use and a number of alcohol-related consequences (ranging from a score of 0⁻12) while adjusting for covariates, including drinking frequency and intake per drinking session. Of our study population, 22.0% of alcohol-consuming men and 13.4% of alcohol-consuming women reported AmED consumption in the past 12 months. AmED users experienced a greater number of alcohol-related consequences (e.g., missing class, engaging in unplanned sexual activity) than non-AmED users (men β: 0.804, ≤ 0.0001; women β: 0.522, ≤ 0.0001). Male AmED users consuming alcohol once a month (β: 1.155, ≤ 0.0001) and female users consuming less than once a month (β: 1.019, ≤ 0.0001) experienced the greatest number of consequences compared to non-users, as did AmED users consuming 3⁻4 drinks per drinking session (men β: 1.012, ≤ 0.0001; women β: 0.993, ≤ 0.0001). Our findings reveal that both male and female college students who consume AmED experience a greater number of negative alcohol-related consequences than those who do not. Rather than high-risk drinkers, moderate drinkers who consume alcohol infrequently and/or in low amounts may experience more consequences when consumers of AmED.
酒精混合能量饮料（AmED）的消费与大学生中各种与酒精相关的后果有关。然而，需要更多的信息来评估这种关系如何受到社会人口和环境因素的影响。本文调查了 AmED 消费与负面酒精相关后果之间的关联，同时（1）按性别对 AmED 用户进行分层，（2）检查与大学环境相关的一系列具体结果（例如，缺课），以及（3）控制饮酒频率和量。我们对韩国 82 所大学的一个全国代表性样本中的 4592 名学生进行了调查和分析。使用多元线性回归分析来确定 AmED 使用与一系列酒精相关后果（范围从 0 到 12）之间的关联，同时调整了包括饮酒频率和每次饮酒摄入量在内的协变量。在我们的研究人群中，22.0%的饮酒男性和 13.4%的饮酒女性报告在过去 12 个月中消费过 AmED。与非 AmED 用户相比，AmED 用户经历了更多的酒精相关后果（例如，缺课，进行无计划的性行为）（男性β：0.804， ≤ 0.0001；女性β：0.522， ≤ 0.0001）。与非使用者相比，每月饮用一次酒精的男性 AmED 用户（β：1.155， ≤ 0.0001）和每月饮用少于一次的女性用户（β：1.019， ≤ 0.0001）经历了最多的后果，而每饮用一次酒精消费 3-4 杯的 AmED 用户（男性β：1.012， ≤ 0.0001；女性β：0.993， ≤ 0.0001）也是如此。我们的研究结果表明，与不使用 AmED 的人相比，男女大学生使用 AmED 会经历更多的负面酒精相关后果。当消费者饮用 AmED 时，可能会经历更多后果的是那些不经常饮用或每次饮用量较少的适度饮酒者，而不是高风险饮酒者。
