Magnezi Racheli, Bergman Lisa Carroll, Grinvald-Fogel Haya, Cohen Herman Avner
Public Health and Health Systems Management Program, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.
Pediatric Ambulatory Community Clinic, Clalit Health Services, Petach Tikva, Israel ; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Isr J Health Policy Res. 2015 Dec 1;4:55. doi: 10.1186/s13584-015-0052-5. eCollection 2015.
Energy drink consumption among youth is increasing despite recommendations by the American Academy of Pediatrics to eliminate consumption by youth. This study provides information on consumption of energy drinks and alcohol mixed with energy drinks (AmED) in a sample of Israeli youth and how consumer knowledge about the risks affects consumption rates.
The study was conducted in three Tel Aviv public schools, with a total enrollment of 1,253 students in grades 8 through 12. Among them, 802 students completed a 49-item questionnaire about energy drink and AmED consumption, for a 64 % response rate Non-responders included 451 students who were absent or refused to participate. All students in the same school were administered the questionnaire on the same day.
Energy drinks are popular among youth (84.2 % have ever drunk). More tenth through twelfth grade students consumed energy drinks than eighth and ninth grade students. Students who began drinking in elementary school (36.8 %) are at elevated risk for current energy drink (P < .001) and AmED (P = .002) use. Knowledge about amounts consumed and recommended allowances is associated with less consumption (OR 1.925; 95 %CI 1.18-3.14).
The association between current AmED consumption and drinking ED at a young age is important. Boys and those who start drinking early have a greater risk of both ED and AmED consumption. The characteristics of early drinkers can help increase awareness of potential at-risk youth, such as junior and senior high school students with less educated or single parents.
Risks posed by early use on later energy drink and AmED consumption are concerning. We suggest that parents should limit accessibility. Increased knowledge about acceptable and actual amounts of caffeine in a single product might decrease consumption.
尽管美国儿科学会建议青少年杜绝饮用能量饮料，但青少年群体中能量饮料的消费量仍在不断增加。本研究提供了有关以色列青少年样本中能量饮料以及能量饮料混合酒精饮品（AmED）的消费情况，以及消费者对相关风险的认知如何影响消费率的信息。
该研究在特拉维夫的三所公立学校开展，共招募了1253名8至12年级的学生。其中，802名学生完成了一份关于能量饮料和AmED消费的49项问卷，回复率为64%。未回复者包括451名缺席或拒绝参与的学生。同一学校的所有学生在同一天接受问卷调查。
能量饮料在青少年中很受欢迎（84.2%的人曾饮用过）。十至十二年级的学生比八、九年级的学生消费能量饮料更多。小学就开始饮酒的学生（36.8%）当前饮用能量饮料（P < 0.001）和AmED（P = 0.002）的风险更高。对饮用量和推荐摄入量的了解与较少的消费量相关（OR 1.925；95%CI 1.18 - 3.14）。
当前AmED消费与年轻时饮用能量饮料之间的关联很重要。男孩以及早期开始饮酒的人饮用能量饮料和AmED的风险更高。早期饮酒者的特征有助于提高对潜在风险青年的认识，比如父母受教育程度较低或单亲家庭的初中生和高中生。
早期饮用对后期能量饮料和AmED消费所带来的风险令人担忧。我们建议家长应限制获取渠道。增加对单一产品中可接受和实际咖啡因含量的了解可能会减少消费量。
