Northwest Missouri State University, United States.
Northwest Missouri State University, United States.
Complement Ther Med. 2019 Apr;43:170-175. doi: 10.1016/j.ctim.2019.01.024. Epub 2019 Jan 31.
Yoga is an increasingly popular activity, perhaps because of its association with stress reduction and relaxation - an association that is generally supported by empirical evidence. Understanding of the mediating variables is, however, limited. Given that, the purpose of this paper is to present a theoretical perspective that encourages systematic research regarding the relationship between yoga, stress, and musculoskeletal activity. This embodied perspective parallels popular interest in the mind-body connection and emphasizes the influence of body position on thinking as well as emotion. Those influences take on added meaning in the context of the Cognitive Appraisal Theory and the Biopsychosocial Model of Challenge and Threat. Investigations of embodied cognition suggest that yoga may reduce stress by affecting the way individuals appraise stressors. The combination of body position and common components of yoga practice may also contribute to that effect, particularly when considering thoughts about the self and feelings of confidence. Findings regarding embodied emotion make a similar contribution to understanding the implications of previous research findings and common yoga practices. Considering yoga and stress from an embodied perspective also highlights the role of the musculoskeletal system in the stress process, leading to the question of whether yoga influences stress by directly influencing the musculoskeletal system, indirectly by influencing awareness of that system, or through a combination of the two. Those questions, in turn, highlight the importance of expanding investigations of psychological processes, body position, musculoskeletal activity during yoga, and the interactions between those variables.
瑜伽是一种越来越受欢迎的活动，或许是因为它与减轻压力和放松有关——这种关联通常得到了经验证据的支持。然而，对于中介变量的理解是有限的。鉴于此，本文旨在提出一个理论视角，鼓励系统地研究瑜伽、压力和肌肉骨骼活动之间的关系。这种体现论与人们对身心联系的普遍兴趣相一致，强调身体姿势对思维和情绪的影响。在认知评价理论和挑战与威胁的生物心理社会模型的背景下，这些影响具有额外的意义。对体现认知的研究表明，瑜伽可能通过影响个体对压力源的评价方式来减轻压力。身体姿势的组合和瑜伽练习的常见要素也可能对此产生影响，尤其是当考虑到关于自我的想法和自信的感觉时。关于体现情感的研究结果也为理解之前的研究结果和常见瑜伽练习的含义做出了类似的贡献。从体现论的角度考虑瑜伽和压力，也突出了肌肉骨骼系统在压力过程中的作用，这就提出了一个问题，即瑜伽是否通过直接影响肌肉骨骼系统、通过影响对该系统的意识，或者通过两者的结合来影响压力。这些问题反过来又强调了扩展对心理过程、身体姿势、瑜伽期间的肌肉骨骼活动以及这些变量之间相互作用的研究的重要性。
