Department of Health Sciences and Health Policy, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland; Health Systems, Policy and Communication Unit, Swiss Paraplegic Research, Nottwil, Switzerland.
Department of Health Sciences and Health Policy, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland; Health Systems, Policy and Communication Unit, Swiss Paraplegic Research, Nottwil, Switzerland.
Patient Educ Couns. 2019 Aug;102(8):1506-1512. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2019.03.013. Epub 2019 Mar 23.
Worldwide, 1.1 billion young people are at risk of developing hearing loss due to unsafe listening. The World Health Organization plans a global health campaign to promote behavior change. In an effort to develop effective evidence-based interventions, this study identifies modifiable factors that influence listening habits.
Online survey among 1019 individuals aged 18-35. The questionnaire was based on theories of behavior change.
Individuals not contemplating change showed a lack of knowledge, tended not to feel particularly at risk, and did not see the benefits of preventive measures. Conversely, those considering a change perceived more barriers (e.g., lack of information on how to act,). Self-efficacy was shown to play an ambivalent role.
Four factors that can be influenced by a health communication intervention were identified: risk perception, perceived safe listening level due to a lack of symptoms, knowledge, and perceived benefits and barriers, in particular perceived loss of pleasure.
The first aspects can be influenced through health communication interventions. Influencing the perceived loss of pleasure additionally requires an analysis of competing pressures. To support and not exceedingly burden the individual, we further suggest to address environmental aspects (e.g., policies).
全球有 11 亿年轻人由于不安全的听力而面临听力损失的风险。世界卫生组织计划发起一项全球健康运动，以促进行为改变。为了制定有效的循证干预措施，本研究确定了影响听力习惯的可改变因素。
对 1019 名 18-35 岁的个体进行在线调查。该问卷基于行为改变理论。
未考虑改变的个体表现出缺乏知识、不太可能感到特别有风险，并且不认为预防措施有好处。相反，那些考虑改变的人则认为存在更多的障碍（例如，缺乏有关如何采取行动的信息）。自我效能感被证明起着矛盾的作用。
确定了四个可以通过健康传播干预来影响的因素：风险感知、由于缺乏症状而感知到的安全听力水平、知识以及感知到的好处和障碍，特别是感知到的乐趣丧失。
可以通过健康传播干预来影响前三个方面。要影响感知到的乐趣丧失，还需要对竞争压力进行分析。为了支持个人而不是过度负担个人，我们还建议解决环境方面的问题（例如，政策）。
