用于控制 Rhipicephalus microplus (蜱螨目：硬蜱科)的药剂学配方中的昆虫病原线虫：相容性、耐热性和效率的体外评估。
Entomopathogenic nematodes in pharmaceutical formulations for Rhipicephalus microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) control: In vitro evaluation of compatibility, thermotolerance, and efficiency.
机构信息
Laboratório de Estudos em Pragas e Parasitos - LEPP, do Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Outeiro São João Batista, s/n°, Espaço Multidisciplinar, Campus Valonguinho, Niterói, RJ, CEP. 24020-141, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Outeiro São João Batista, s/n°, Espaço Multidisciplinar, Campus Valonguinho, Niterói, CEP. 24020-141, RJ, Brazil; Laboratório de Parasitologia da Embrapa Gado de Leite, Rua Eugênio do Nascimento, 610, Juiz de Fora, MG, CEP: 36038-330, Brazil.
Laboratório de Parasitologia da Embrapa Gado de Leite, Rua Eugênio do Nascimento, 610, Juiz de Fora, MG, CEP: 36038-330, Brazil.
出版信息
Ticks Tick Borne Dis. 2019 Jun;10(4):781-786. doi: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2019.03.012. Epub 2019 Mar 18.
This work aimed to investigate candidate biological control agents against the cattle tick Rhipicephalus microplus by studying three entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) isolates from two species, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (isolates LPP30 and HP88) and Heterorhabditis baujardi (isolate LPP7). The study comprised the pharmacotechnical development of four test formulations, and their biological evaluation, in three stages: 1) selection of the fittest EPN isolate at 16 ± 1 °C after 120 h of incorporation in the formulations; 2) determination of the effects of temperature and incubation time on the survival of the selected isolate in formulations; 3) evaluation of the in vitro efficacy (infectivity) of the selected EPN formulations and their components against R. microplus females after 72 h exposure. H. baujardi LPP7 presented the highest survival rates in 0.1% carboxymethyl cellulose sodium (CMC) formulations (100% at 25 °C, up to 10 days after incorporation). At the highest tested temperature (34.2 °C), 54% of LPP7 survived for up to 72 h in CMC formulations. The infectivity of LPP7-containing formulation against R. microplus was 99%, reducing oviposition, egg production index and larval hatching. Considering the pressing need for safer acaricide products, incorporation of EPNs in pharmaceutical formulations is presented as a promising approach for the biological control of cattle tick infestations, potentially reducing environmental impact and resistance development associated with chemical acaricides.
本研究旨在通过研究来自两种昆虫病原线虫（异小杆线虫 H. bacteriophora 的分离株 LPP30 和 HP88 以及贝氏异小杆线虫 H. baujardi 的分离株 LPP7）的 3 个候选生物防治剂，来研究防治牛蜱 Rhipicephalus microplus 的方法。该研究包括 4 种测试配方的药剂学开发及其在 3 个阶段的生物学评价：1）在配方中培养 120 小时后，选择最适合的 16±1°C 下的 EPN 分离株；2）确定温度和孵育时间对所选分离株在配方中的生存能力的影响；3）评价所选 EPN 配方及其成分对 R. microplus 雌蜱的体外功效（感染力），暴露 72 小时后进行评估。在 0.1%羧甲基纤维素钠（CMC）配方中，H. baujardi LPP7 的存活率最高（25°C 时为 100%，培养 10 天后）。在测试的最高温度（34.2°C）下，LPP7 在 CMC 配方中存活 72 小时的比例高达 54%。含 LPP7 的配方对 R. microplus 的感染力为 99%，降低了产卵、产卵指数和幼虫孵化。考虑到对更安全杀蜱剂产品的迫切需求，将 EPN 纳入药物配方被认为是控制牛蜱感染的一种有前途的生物防治方法，可能会降低与化学杀蜱剂相关的环境影响和抗药性发展。
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