College of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
J Clin Nurs. 2019 Aug;28(15-16):2858-2867. doi: 10.1111/jocn.14869. Epub 2019 May 1.
To test the construct and concurrent validity and reliability of the incident-reporting attitude scale used for staff in long-term care facilities (IRA-LTC) by the two-phase cross-validation method.
Lack of accurate measurement on incident-reporting attitude might hinder improvements of safety practice in long-term care facilities.
DESIGN/METHODS: A two-phase cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted in Taiwan. A fixed proportion of long-term care facilities were randomly selected that included 20 and 15 long-term care facilities at phases one and two separately. Nursing and administrative staffs in these facilities were recruited at the first phase (N = 207) for testing the validity and reliability of the newly developed scale and for cross-validation of the scale at the second phase (N = 251). The scale of IRA-LTC was a self-developed structured questionnaire consisting of 31 items. The data were analysed using spss for Windows 20.0 and AMOS 24.0. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, Cronbach's α, exploratory and confirmatory factory analysis were carried to examine the homogeneity of items, reliability, construct and concurrent validity. The STROBE checklist was adhered (See Appendix S1).
The IRA-LTC scale comprised two dimensions: "cognition and intention to report" and "barriers to report." The two-factor structure explained 60.20%-61.89% of the total variance at two phases. Validation of the initial factorial model gained at the first phase was satisfactorily supported at the second phase. Concurrent validity of the IRA-LTC scale was satisfied. Cronbach's α for the scale and subscales was 0.94-0.97.
This IRA-LTC scale is valid and reliable and can be recommended to evaluate the incident-reporting attitude among all kinds of staff in long-term care facilities.
Positive incident-reporting attitude can lead to positive incident-reporting behaviour. Using the IRA-LTC scale for assessing staff's incident-reporting attitude is recommended as the first step to enhance staff's safety performance in long-term care facilities.
采用两阶段交叉验证法，检验长期护理机构工作人员报告事件态度量表（IRA-LTC）的结构效度、同时效度和信度。
缺乏对报告事件态度的准确测量可能会阻碍长期护理机构安全实践的改进。
设计/方法：在台湾进行了两阶段横断面问卷调查。分两个阶段分别随机抽取一定比例的长期护理机构，第一阶段为 20 家，第二阶段为 15 家。第一阶段在这些机构中招募护理和行政人员（N=207），用于测试新开发量表的有效性和可靠性，并在第二阶段（N=251）对量表进行交叉验证。IRA-LTC 量表是一个自我设计的结构化问卷，包含 31 个项目。使用 spss for Windows 20.0 和 AMOS 24.0 进行数据分析。采用描述性统计、相关性分析、克朗巴赫 α、探索性和验证性因子分析，检验项目的同质性、信度、结构和同时效度。STROBE 清单被遵守（见附录 S1）。
IRA-LTC 量表包括两个维度：“认知和报告意向”和“报告障碍”。两因素结构在两个阶段分别解释了 60.20%-61.89%的总方差。第一阶段获得的初始因子模型验证在第二阶段得到了令人满意的支持。IRA-LTC 量表的同时效度得到满足。量表和分量表的克朗巴赫 α 值为 0.94-0.97。
该 IRA-LTC 量表具有良好的效度和信度，可用于评估长期护理机构各类人员的报告事件态度。
积极的报告事件态度可以导致积极的报告事件行为。建议使用 IRA-LTC 量表评估员工的报告事件态度，作为提高长期护理机构员工安全绩效的第一步。
