. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis (SC) Brasil.
. Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis (SC) Brasil.
J Bras Pneumol. 2019 Mar 28;45(4):e20170080. doi: 10.1590/1806-3713/e20170080.
To investigate the prevalence of smoking and the reasons for continuing to smoke among adults in Brazil.
This was a cross-sectional, population-based study including 1,054 individuals ≥ 40 years of age, residents of the city of Florianopolis, Brazil, of whom 183 were smokers. All of the smokers completed the University of São Paulo Reasons for Smoking Scale (USP-RSS). Depressive symptoms were evaluated with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and spirometry was performed to screen for COPD.
Of the 183 smokers, 105 (57.4%) were female, 138 (75.4%) were White, and 125 (63.8%) were in a low economic class. The mean level of education among the smokers was 9.6 ± 6.1 years. The mean smoking history was 29 ± 15 pack-years, 59% of the men having a ≥ 30 pack-year smoking history. Approximately 20% of the smokers had COPD, and 29% had depressive symptoms, which were more common in the women. The USP-RSS scores were highest for the pleasure of smoking (PS), tension reduction (TR), and physical dependence (PD) domains (3.9 ± 1.1, 3.6 ± 1.2, and 3.5 ± 1.3, respectively). Scores for the PS, TR, and weight control (WC) domains were significantly higher in women. Smokers with a > 20 pack-year smoking history scored significantly higher on the PD, PS, automatism, and close association (CA) domains. Smoking history was associated with the PD, PS, TR, and CA domains. Depressive symptoms were associated with the PD, social smoking, and CA domains (p = 0.001; p = 0.01; p = 0.09, respectively). Female gender and a low level of education were associated with the PS domain (p = 0.04) and TR domain (p < 0.001).
The prevalence of smoking in our sample was relatively high (17.4%). The USP-RSS domains PS, TR, and WC explain why individuals continue smoking, as do depressive symptoms.
调查巴西成年人吸烟流行率和继续吸烟的原因。
这是一项横断面、基于人群的研究，共纳入 1054 名≥40 岁的巴西弗洛里亚诺波利斯市居民，其中 183 人为吸烟者。所有吸烟者均完成了圣保罗大学吸烟原因量表（USP-RSS）。采用医院焦虑抑郁量表评估抑郁症状，进行肺量测定以筛查 COPD。
183 名吸烟者中，105 人（57.4%）为女性，138 人（75.4%）为白种人，125 人（63.8%）处于低经济阶层。吸烟者的平均受教育程度为 9.6±6.1 年。平均吸烟史为 29±15 包年，59%的男性吸烟史≥30 包年。约 20%的吸烟者患有 COPD，29%的吸烟者有抑郁症状，女性更为常见。USP-RSS 评分最高的是吸烟愉悦感（PS）、缓解紧张（TR）和身体依赖（PD）维度（分别为 3.9±1.1、3.6±1.2 和 3.5±1.3）。女性的 PS、TR 和体重控制（WC）维度评分更高。吸烟史超过 20 包年的吸烟者在 PD、PS、自动化和密切关联（CA）维度上的评分显著更高。吸烟史与 PD、PS、TR 和 CA 维度相关。抑郁症状与 PD、社交吸烟和 CA 维度相关（p=0.001；p=0.01；p=0.09）。女性性别和低教育程度与 PS 维度（p=0.04）和 TR 维度（p<0.001）相关。
我们样本中的吸烟流行率相对较高（17.4%）。USP-RSS 中的 PS、TR 和 WC 维度以及抑郁症状解释了为什么人们继续吸烟。
