Johnstone Candice
Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wauwatosa, WI, USA.
Ann Palliat Med. 2019 Jul;8(3):264-273. doi: 10.21037/apm.2018.12.09. Epub 2019 Mar 11.
The palliation of symptoms caused by advanced cancer is one of the most common indications for radiation therapy. Radiation therapy is an efficient and effective treatment for the palliation of pain, bleeding, obstruction, compression of nerves or the spinal cord and other local symptoms caused by tumors. The general principles of palliative radiation therapy are to use the shortest course of palliative radiation therapy needed to achieve the desired goal. It can typically be effective in a convenient single treatment (fraction) or over a small number of fractions. Given aging populations and the incidence of advanced cancer, there is increasing need for palliative radiation therapy. Many radiation oncology centers now recognize the unique needs of patients with advanced cancer and have developed palliative radiation oncology programs. This review will highlight key features of these palliative radiation oncology programs and their success in facilitating the treatment of these patients.
晚期癌症所致症状的缓解是放射治疗最常见的适应证之一。放射治疗是缓解疼痛、出血、梗阻、神经或脊髓受压以及肿瘤引起的其他局部症状的一种高效治疗方法。姑息性放射治疗的一般原则是采用达到预期目标所需的最短疗程的姑息性放射治疗。它通常在单次方便的治疗（分次照射）或少数几次分次照射中即可有效。鉴于人口老龄化和晚期癌症的发病率，对姑息性放射治疗的需求日益增加。许多放射肿瘤学中心现在认识到晚期癌症患者的独特需求，并已制定了姑息性放射肿瘤学计划。本综述将重点介绍这些姑息性放射肿瘤学计划的关键特征及其在促进这些患者治疗方面的成功之处。
