Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2020 Mar 9;75(4):739-746. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glz086.
Little is known about the role of specific leisure activities in affecting cognitive functions. We aim to examine the associations of specific leisure activities with the risk of cognitive impairment among oldest-old people in China.
This community-based prospective cohort study included 10,741 cognitively normal Chinese individuals aged 80 years or older (median age 88 years) from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Cox proportional hazards models were utilized to estimate the effects of specific leisure activities on cognitive impairment outcome.
During a median follow-up time of 3.4 years (41,760 person-years), 2,894 participants developed cognitive impairment. Compared to those who "never" engaged in watching TV or listening to radio, reading books or newspapers, and playing cards or mah-jong, those who engaged in such activities "almost every day" reduced their risk of cognitive impairment, the fully-adjusted hazard ratios were 0.56 (0.51-0.61), 0.64 (0.53-0.78), and 0.70 (0.56-0.86), respectively. The association between the risk of cognitive impairment and watching TV and listening to the radio, playing cards or mah-jong, and reading books or newspapers were stronger among those who had two or more years of education. Moreover, the association between risk of cognitive impairment and watching TV and listening to radio was stronger in men than in women.
In conclusion, a greater frequency of TV watching or radio listening, reading books or newspapers, and playing cards or mah-jong may decrease the risk of cognitive impairment among the oldest-old.
关于特定休闲活动对认知功能的影响知之甚少。我们旨在研究特定休闲活动与中国高龄人群认知障碍风险之间的关系。
本研究为基于社区的前瞻性队列研究，纳入了 10741 名年龄在 80 岁及以上（中位年龄为 88 岁）、认知正常的中国老年人，来自中国长寿纵向研究。认知功能使用简易精神状态检查（MMSE）进行评估。采用 Cox 比例风险模型估计特定休闲活动对认知障碍结局的影响。
在中位随访时间 3.4 年（41760 人年）期间，2894 名参与者发生认知障碍。与“从不”看电视或听广播、读书或看报、打牌或打麻将相比，“几乎每天”参与这些活动的人认知障碍风险降低，经完全调整的风险比分别为 0.56（0.51-0.61）、0.64（0.53-0.78）和 0.70（0.56-0.86）。受教育程度为 2 年及以上者，看电视和听广播、打牌或打麻将以及读书或看报与认知障碍风险之间的相关性更强。此外，与看电视和听广播相关的认知障碍风险在男性中比女性更强。
综上所述，增加看电视或听广播、读书或看报、打牌或打麻将的频率可能会降低高龄人群认知障碍的风险。
