Programme of Postgraduate Education (MSc) "International Medicine - Health Crisis Management", Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece.
Programme of Postgraduate Education (MSc) "International Medicine - Health Crisis Management", Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece / Department of Microbiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece.
Swiss Med Wkly. 2019 Apr 5;149:w20065. doi: 10.4414/smw.2019.20065. eCollection 2019 Mar 25.
Nine years after the earthquake in Haiti and the appearance of the concept of “humanitarian drones”, it remains a poorly discussed yet highly controversial issue. Emergency mapping and light cargo deliveries to inaccessible areas are only some of the most popular ways in which drones are currently used for post-disaster relief and health crisis management by first responders around the world. On the other hand, every single successful use for drones is always followed by controversy about the problems caused by that very same, initially successful, use. However, examples of good practices will contribute to the investigation, study and analysis of the ways in which new, cutting-edge technologies such as drones can be implemented and adapted to meet the needs and requirements of humanitarian organisations and local communities affected by disasters. The issue is how and under what circumstances drone use can potentially fulfil humanitarian functions, particularly in the aftermath of a disaster, and how this type of technology could be deployed in non-violent, ethically desirable ways as part of the humanitarian response. In conclusion, it is questionable whether the benefits of using drones outnumber the moral obstacles they raise, and whether they will eventually be considered an inseparable part of humanitarian aid as well as a cutting-edge technological toy.
海地地震九年后，“人道主义无人机”的概念出现了，但它仍然是一个讨论甚少但极具争议的问题。应急绘图和向难以到达的地区运送轻量级货物只是目前全球急救人员在灾后救援和卫生危机管理中使用无人机的一些最流行方式。另一方面，每一次成功使用无人机，都会引发关于同一问题的争议，而这个问题正是最初成功使用所带来的。然而，良好实践的例子将有助于调查、研究和分析新的、前沿技术，如无人机，可以如何实施和适应以满足受灾害影响的人道主义组织和当地社区的需求和要求。问题是无人机的使用如何以及在什么情况下有可能发挥人道主义作用，特别是在灾难发生后，以及这种技术如何以非暴力、合乎道德的方式作为人道主义应对的一部分进行部署。总之，使用无人机带来的好处是否超过了它们引发的道德障碍，以及它们最终是否会被视为人道主义援助不可或缺的一部分和尖端技术的玩具，这是值得怀疑的。
