Wang Ting, Qi Desheng, Sun Shihao, Liu Zhonghao, Du Yurong, Guo Songchang, Ma Jianbin
a College of Life Sciences , Qinghai Normal University , Xining , China.
b Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant and Animal Resources of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in Qinghai Province , Xining , China.
Mitochondrial DNA A DNA Mapp Seq Anal. 2019 May;30(4):592-601. doi: 10.1080/24701394.2019.1580273. Epub 2019 Apr 5.
The Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP), the source and upper reaches of many Asian rivers, are crisscrossed by rivers and dotted with lakes. Schizothoracinae fishes, species native to the QTP, are distributed widely through these rivers and lakes. Over the past decades, ecological protection has become increasingly intense. The rapid acquisition of the genetic information and accurate gene sequence database are assumed to play an important role in the conservation of species diversity and biodiversity. In this study, 153 sequences (648bp in length) covering 13 species in 8 genera of Schizothoracinae fishes in Qinghai Province were used to determine whether barcode could identify Schizothoracinae species accurately. The average Kimura two parameter (K2P) genetic distances within and among species were 0.35% and 8.83%, respectively. The maximum K2P distance within species was observed in (1.36%) while minimum K2P distance among species was observed between and (0.23%). Overlaps existed in K2P distance intra- and inter- species based on both the genes. Eleven groups with 9 single-species groups and 2 multi-species groups were identified through Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery System, which were consistent with the overlaps of K2P distance. 96.7% as the accurate ratio for barcode was calculated and high solution was observed in the phylogenetic trees based on gene and gene. Except for the similar results based on two genes above, barcode was more economical than gene. The SOM model successfully predicted characteristic-diagnostic sites at species level: 36 characteristic-diagnostic sites from eight species, in which 12 from , 2 from , 7 from , 2 from , 2 from , 3 from , 3 from and 5 from . Our results show that Schizothoracinae fishes can be identified validly by using DNA barcode. Thirty-six characteristic-diagnostic sites were proposed to be applied into works of species identification for the Schizothoracinae fishes in Qinghai Province.
青藏高原是许多亚洲河流的源头和上游地区，河流纵横交错，湖泊星罗棋布。裂腹鱼亚科鱼类是青藏高原的本土物种，广泛分布于这些河流和湖泊中。在过去几十年里，生态保护力度日益加大。快速获取遗传信息和准确的基因序列数据库被认为在物种多样性和生物多样性保护中发挥着重要作用。在本研究中，使用了覆盖青海省裂腹鱼亚科8属13种鱼类的153条序列（长度为648bp）来确定条形码是否能够准确识别裂腹鱼亚科物种。种内和种间的平均Kimura双参数（K2P）遗传距离分别为0.35%和8.83%。种内最大K2P距离出现在[具体物种1]（1.36%），而种间最小K2P距离出现在[具体物种2]和[具体物种3]之间（0.23%）。基于这两个基因，种内和种间的K2P距离存在重叠。通过自动条形码间隙发现系统识别出11个组，其中包括9个单物种组和2个多物种组，这与K2P距离的重叠情况一致。计算得出条形码的准确比率为96.7%，并且基于[基因1]和[基因2]构建的系统发育树具有较高的分辨率。除了基于上述两个基因得到的相似结果外，条形码比[基因2]更经济。SOM模型成功预测了物种水平的特征诊断位点：来自8个物种的36个特征诊断位点，其中来自[具体物种4]的有12个，来自[具体物种5]的有2个，来自[具体物种6]的有7个，来自[具体物种7]的有2个，来自[具体物种8]的有2个，来自[具体物种9]的有3个，来自[具体物种10]的有3个，来自[具体物种11]的有5个。我们的结果表明，使用[基因1]DNA条形码可以有效识别裂腹鱼亚科鱼类。提出了36个特征诊断位点，以应用于青海省裂腹鱼亚科鱼类的物种鉴定工作。
