美国的医院摇摆床护理
Hospital swing-bed care in the United States.
作者信息
Shaughnessy P W, Schlenker R E
出版信息
Health Serv Res. 1986 Oct;21(4):477-98.
As a result of federal legislation implemented in 1982, hospital beds that are used to provide both long-term care and acute care are now proliferating rapidly throughout the country. Termed swing beds, such beds are currently restricted to rural areas. However, due largely to the impacts of Medicare DRG reimbursement, pressure is mounting to expand the swing-bed approach to urban settings. Swing beds appear to fill a significant gap between the relatively intense medical needs of post-acute care patients (now discharged earlier) and the capacity of our current nursing home delivery system to meet such needs. The evolution of swing beds is marked by an unusual blend of experimentation, scientific investigation, and public policy response to community and personal health care needs. This article summarizes that evolution, highlighting research findings and key policy developments. It concludes with the current status of the national swing-bed program and issues pertinent to future directions.
由于1982年实施的联邦立法，用于提供长期护理和急性护理的医院病床目前正在全国迅速增加。这种被称为“摇摆床”的病床目前仅限于农村地区。然而，主要由于医疗保险诊断相关分组（DRG）报销的影响，将“摇摆床”模式扩展到城市地区的压力越来越大。“摇摆床”似乎填补了急性后期护理患者（现在更早出院）相对强烈的医疗需求与我们当前疗养院服务系统满足此类需求的能力之间的重大差距。“摇摆床”的发展以实验、科学调查以及对社区和个人医疗保健需求的公共政策回应的异常融合为标志。本文总结了这一发展历程，突出了研究结果和关键政策发展。文章最后介绍了全国“摇摆床”项目的现状以及与未来方向相关的问题。
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